Ramucirumab
The approval was based on the results of the REGARD trial, a phase III, international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, that evaluated the safety and efficacy of ramucirumab combinated with best supportive care versus placebo.[11] In December 2014, the FDA approved ramucirumab in combination with docetaxel for treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with disease progression during or after first-line platinum-containing chemotherapy.[12] In April 2015, ramucirumab was approved by FDA for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with disease progression on or after prior therapy with bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, and fluoropyrimidine.In September 2013, the manufacturer Eli Lilly announced that its phase III study for ramucirumab failed to hit its primary endpoint on progression-free survival among women with metastatic breast cancer.[19] Between 2016 and 2018, 26 hospitals in Italy conducted a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the anti-VEGFR-2 antibody ramucirumab combined with gemcitabine in patients with pretreated pleural mesothelioma.