Epidermal growth factor receptor
[9] In addition to forming homodimers after ligand binding, EGFR may pair with another member of the ErbB receptor family, such as ErbB2/Her2/neu, to create an activated heterodimer.[11] This autophosphorylation elicits downstream activation and signaling by several other proteins that associate with the phosphorylated tyrosines through their own phosphotyrosine-binding SH2 domains.[19] These somatic mutations involving EGFR lead to its constant activation, which produces uncontrolled cell division.A single child displaying multi-organ epithelial inflammation was found to have a homozygous loss of function mutation in the EGFR gene.His clinical features included a papulopustular rash, dry skin, chronic diarrhoea, abnormalities of hair growth, breathing difficulties and electrolyte imbalances.With the binding site blocked, signal molecules can no longer attach there and activate the tyrosine kinase.Ostensibly by halting the signaling cascade in cells that rely on this pathway for growth, tumor proliferation and migration is diminished.[41] Laboratory research using genetically engineered stem cells to target EGFR in mice was reported in 2014 to show promise.[45][46] It has been proposed that certain computed tomography findings such as ground-glass opacities, air bronchogram, spiculated margins, vascular convergence, and pleural retraction can predict the presence of EGFR mutation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
AliasesHomoloGeneGeneCardsChromosome 7 (human)RNA expressionGene ontologyOrthologsEntrezEnsemblUniProtPubMedWikidatatransmembrane proteinreceptorepidermal growth factorextracellularligandsErbB family of receptorsreceptor tyrosine kinasesHER2/neucancerStanley CohenVanderbilt UniversityNobel Prize in MedicineRita Levi-Montalcinigrowth factorstransforming growth factor alphaligandheterodimerizationmonomerichomodimerErbB2/Her2/neuheterodimertyrosinedomainSH2 domainssignal transductionDNA synthesiscell migrationadhesionproliferationductalmammary glandsagonistsamphiregulinTGF-αlobuloalveolarestrogenprogesteroneMutationscancersadenocarcinoma of the lunganal cancersglioblastomaepithelian tumors of the head and neckepithelialTGF-beta1fibroblastmyofibroblastmyofibroblastsfibrosishypertrophickeloidliver cirrhosismyocardial fibrosischronic kidney diseaseoncogenegefitiniberlotinibafatinibbrigatinibicotinibcetuximabcolon cancerOsimertinibpanitumumabmonoclonal antibodyinhibitorsantibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicityzalutumumabnimotuzumabmatuzumablapatinibkinaseCimaVax-EGFvaccineantibodiesnon-small-cell lung carcinomaadverse effectpapulopustularVeristratinteractCDC25ACTNNB1PKC alphaPLSCR1PTPN11SH2D3ASH3KBP1STAT5Aepidermal growth factor receptorBibcode"Growth factor receptor expression in anal squamous lesions: modifications associated with oncogenic human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus"Cloughesy TFMischel PSMedical Subject HeadingsPDBe-KBTumor suppressor genesOncogenesc-Sis/PDGFWnt signaling pathwayHedgehog signaling pathwayTGF beta signaling pathwayTGF beta receptor 2Receptor tyrosine kinaseJAK-STAT signaling pathwayIntracellular signaling P+PsBeta-cateninAkt/PKB signaling pathwayHippo signaling pathwayNeurofibromin 2/MerlinMAPK/ERK pathwayNeurofibromin 1MaspinNucleusCell cycle