Mulabandhasana
The name is from the Sanskrit मुल mūla, "root, base";[1] बंधा bāndha, "lock";[1] and आसन āsana, meaning "posture, seat".The body is balanced by the arms stretched straight down to the ground behind the back, the shoulder blades pressed together.[3] The Sivananda Yoga centres, describing it as "advanced breathing",[4] claim, as Iyengar does,[3] that retaining the breath, contracting the anal sphincter, and tightening the abdominal muscles in Mula Bandha (hence the name bandha or lock) prevents the escape of apana, enabling it to rise up the body to join with prana.[4] In Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga, Mulabandhasana is in the fourth series of asanas; it is claimed to activate the root chakra, the muladhara.[5] The central figure in the Pashupati seal from the Indus Valley civilization of c. 2500 BC appears to be sitting in Mulabandhasana, and hence identified as a prototype of the god Śiva.