Ibotenic acid
[3] Because of this, ibotenic acid can be a powerful neurotoxin in high doses, and is employed as a "brain-lesioning agent" through cranial injections in scientific research.[6][better source needed] Ibotenic acid acts as a potent agonist of the NMDA and group I (mGluR1 and mGluR5) and II (mGluR2 and mGluR3) metabotropic glutamate receptors.[3][7] In addition, due to in vivo decarboxylation into muscimol, it acts indirectly as a potent GABAA and GABAA-ρ receptor agonist.[12] Ibotenic acid typically affects both NMDA and APCD or metabolotropic quisqualate receptor sites in the central nervous system.However, after the first hour symptoms begin to include confusion, euphoria, visual and auditory distortions, sensations of floating, and retrograde amnesia.The psychotropic effects and hallucinations ibotenic acid and its metabolite muscimol produce are best managed in a quiet environment with minimal stimulation.[16] Ibotenic acid used for the lesioning of rat's brains is kept frozen in a phosphate-buffered Saline Solution at a pH of 7.4, and can be kept for up to a year with no loss in toxicity.
IbogaineIUPAC nameCAS NumberChEMBLChemSpiderECHA InfoCardEC NumberIUPHAR/BPSPubChemCompTox DashboardSMILESChemical formulaMolar massMelting pointSolubility in waterGHS labellingPictogramsHazard statementsPrecautionary statementsstandard statechemical compoundpsychoactive drugAmanita muscariamushroomsmuscimolanalogueneurotransmitterglutamateglutamate receptoragonistneurotoxinlesioningscientific researchmGluR1mGluR5mGluR2mGluR3metabotropic glutamate receptorskainate receptorsdecarboxylationGABAA-ρ receptorsedationdeliriumprodrugcentral nervous systemdizocilpineNMDA receptorssynaptic plasticitylong term potentiationCaM-KIIreactive oxygen speciesmetabolotropic quisqualatedecarboxylatedeuphoriaauditory distortionsretrograde amnesiaataxiaobtundationlethargyactivated charcoalgastric lavageBenzodiazepinesAirway managementSaline Solutionhippocampuspyramidal cellsgranule cellsdentate gyrusperforant pathwaybiosyntheticbiosynthetic gene clusterglutamic acidFe(II)/2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenaseConotoxinGrayanotoxinQuisqualic acidTetrodotoxinBibcodeAmanitaA. albocreataA. crenulataA. farinosaA. frostianaA. gemmataA. ibotengutakeA. multisquamosaA. muscariaA. pantherinaA. porphyriaA. regalisA. strobiliformisA. xanthocephalaIbotenic AcidMuscarineMuscazoneAmavadineSaproamanitaA. thiersiiDestroying angelsA. bisporigeraA. exitialisA. magnivelarisA. ocreataA. vernaA. virosaA. virosiformisA. arocheaeA. fuligineaA. pallidoroseaA. phalloidesA. rimosaA. subjunquilleaAmatoxinsAmanitinsalpha-gamma-epsilon-AmanullinAmanullinic acidAmaninamideAmaninProamanullinPhallotoxinsPhalloidinVirotoxinsAntamanide