Ginkgotoxin
Seeds and phytopharmaceuticals derived from the plant Ginkgo biloba are dietary supplements used to improve memory,[1] brain metabolism,[2] and blood flow,[3] and to treat neuronal disorders.For instance, in Japan and China, Ginkgo biloba is used to treat cough, bronchial asthma, irritable bladder and alcohol use disorder.However, as most oral supplements are made from the leaves, which contain only small amounts of ginkgotoxin,[9] below the level of toxicological relevance.Overconsumption of Ginkgo biloba seeds, especially by children, can result in loss of consciousness, convulsions, and death.It is suspected that ginkgotoxin interferes with the synthesis of the vitamin by decreasing the activity of pyridoxal kinase in mammals.
Preferred IUPAC nameCAS NumberChEMBLChemSpiderPubChemCompTox DashboardSMILESChemical formulaMolar massGHS labellingPictogramsHazard statementsPrecautionary statementsstandard stateneurotoxinGinkgo bilobaantivitaminvitamin B6epileptic seizuresdietary supplementsblood flowneuronalbronchial asthmabladderalcohol use disorderhigh-performance liquid chromatographyseasonal variationglycosylenzymatic hydrolysisglycosidic linkagetoxicityAlbiziapyridoxinebiosynthesisde novoribulose 5-phosphatedihydroxyacetone phosphatesynthasepyridoxal phosphatehydridedehydrogenaseloss of consciousnessconvulsionspyridoxal kinaseglutamate decarboxylaseneurotransmittersBibcodeNeurotoxinsBatrachotoxinBestoxinBirtoxinBungarotoxinCharybdotoxinConotoxinFasciculinHuwentoxinPoneratoxinSaxitoxinTetrodotoxinVanillotoxinSpooky toxin (SsTx)EpibatidineZetekitoxin ABDendrotoxinBacterialBotulinum toxinTetanospasminCyanotoxinsAnatoxin-aGuanitoxinPlant toxinsAconitineBicucullinePenitrem APicrotoxinStrychnineRotenoneCicutoxinOenanthotoxinThujoneVolkensinVeratridineMycotoxinsIbotenic acidMuscarineMuscimolPesticidesFenpropathrinTetramethylenedisulfotetramineBromethalinCrimidineMethamidophosEndosulfanFipronilPhenylsilatraneChlorophenylsilatraneSulfuryl fluorideMipafoxSchradanDimefoxNerve agentsCyclosarinEA-3148Novichok agentEA-3990EA-4056T-1123Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)FluorotabunChinese VXEA-2192Bicyclic phosphatesEthylcholine mustardPsychoactive drugsAlcoholNitrous oxideDimethylcadmiumDimethylmercuryToxopyrimidineTetraethylleadConvulsantsGABA receptorCloflubicyneCoriamyrtinDihydropicrotoxininFG-7142