Futuna-Aniwa language
Futuna-Aniwa is a language spoken in the Tafea Province of Vanuatu on the outlier islands of Futuna and Aniwa.Looking at the information provided above, it is important to note out the variations of Aniwa compared to Futuna (Capell, 1984).Compared to Futuna, in Aniwa the velar plosive is backed more regularly, therefore k, q, and y is heard (Capell, 1984).Pronouns in Futuna-Aniwa distinguish for four numbers (singular, dual, trial and plural) and for first (inclusive and exclusive), second and third persons (Dougherty, 1983).The distinction of trial and plural in a Polynesian language is an unusual feature of Futuna-Aniwa (Capell, 1984).There are primarily five different sets of pronominal forms in Futuna-Aniwa: personal, possessive, interrogative, emphatic, and demonstrative.aARTtiauauChauaute rathata tiauau {te ra}ART Chauau that‘That is Chauau.’Within certain constructions in Futuna-Aniwa pronominal clitics occur alongside pronouns.Pronominal clitics only occur with singular persons and serve the role of cross referencing the subject of a verb.The pronominal clitic is typically suffixed onto tense or aspect markers, negatives in preverbal position or the infinitive (Dougherty, 1983).In natural speech, the distinction between what is close to the listener and what is far away can sometimes be lost, and the respective demonstrative for each can be used somewhat interchangeably in conversational settings.(Dougherty, 1983, p 27) These demonstratives can be traced back to Proto-Oceanic *ne, *ta and *wa[5] (Crowley, Lynch and Ross, 2013).However, Proto-Polynesian also has the marker *ni, referring to location close to the speaker in either time or space; in Proto-Nuclear-Polynesian, this became *nei.