Southern Oceanic languages

It was proposed by John Lynch in 1995 and supported by later studies.It appears to be a linkage rather than a language family with a clearly defined internal nested structure.[3]: 823–826  Nevertheless, languages in the eastern Solomon Islands, including Guadalcanal, Malaita, Makira, and a scattering of North Vanuatu languages including Mota, Raga, and Tamambo, are much more conservative.[1][4] Lynch (1995) tentatively grouped the languages as follows:[5] The non-nuclear branches are subsumed under Northern Vanuatu.Ross, Pawley, & Osmond (2016) propose the following internal classification for Southern Oceanic.
VanuatuNew CaledoniaLinguistic classificationAustronesianMalayo-PolynesianOceanicCentral–EasternNorth-Central VanuatuSouth VanuatuNew CaledonianISO 639-3GlottologlinkageOceanic languagesJohn LynchNorth VanuatuCentral VanuatuTemotu languagesNorthwest Solomonic languagesSolomon IslandsPapuansubstrataEspiritu SantoMalakulaCentral Vanuatu languagesAmbrymGuadalcanalMalaitaMakiraNorth Vanuatu languagesTamamboBanks–TorresNorthwest SantoSouthwest SantoEast SantoAmbae–MaewoMalekula CoastalMalekula InteriorPentecostAmbrym–PaamaShepherds–North EfateSouth EfateSouthern VanuatuNorth Vanuatu linkageCentral Vanuatu linkageSouth Vanuatu languagesLoyalties-New Caledonia languagesLanguages of VanuatuLynch, JohnMax Planck Institute for the Science of Human HistoryFrançois, AlexandreTerry CrowleyMalcolm RossNorthVanuatuTorres–BanksLo-TogaLehaliLöyöpMwotlapLemerigVera’aVurësMwesenMwerlapSun̄wadiaSun̄wadagaBaetoraDuiduiNortheast AmbaeCape CumberlandNokukuTolomakoTasirikiTangoaM̈av̈eaTutubaShark BayNortheast MalakulaMpotovoroMalua BayV’ënen TautLarevatNeve’eiNavavaNevwervwerPangkumuBanam BayLendamboiNasarianMaskelynesPort SandwichSinesipNaha’aiNorth AmbrymWest AmbrymSouth AmbrymBiereboBieriaNakanamangaNamakirSie / ErromanganSorungKwamera (South Tanna)Southwest TannaLenakel (West Tanna)Whitesands (East Tanna)North TannaAneityumNengoneNdrumbeaNumèèXârâcùùXârâgurèTîrîVamaleHavekeCèmuhîPaicîPwaameiPwapwaBwatooHmwavekeWaamwangYuangaNyâlayuextinct statusAustronesian languagesFormosanTsouicNorthern FormosanEast FormosanNorthwest Sumatra–Barrier IslandsLampungJavaneseMadureseBali–Sasak–SumbawaPhilippineBatanicNorthern LuzonCentral LuzonNorthern MindoroGreater Central PhilippineKalamianSouth MindanaoSangiricMinahasanBaritoGreater North BorneoSabahanNorth SarawakanMelanau–KajangKayan–MurikLand DayakSundaneseRejangMoklenicCelebicBungku–TolakiMuna–ButonSaluan–BanggaiTomini–TolitoliSouth SulawesiMakassarNorthern South SulawesiCentralSumba–FloresFlores–LembataSelaruKei–TanimbarTimoricCentral MalukuEasternHalmahera SeaCenderawasihAdmiraltySt. MatthiasTemotuSoutheast SolomonicMicronesianCentral PacificWesternMeso-MelanesianNorth New GuineaPapuan Tip