South Vanuatu languages

The nine South Vanuatu languages form a family of the Southern Oceanic languages,[1] spoken in Tafea Province (Tanna, Aneityum, Futuna, Erromango, and Aniwa) of Vanuatu.François (2015:18–21) lists the following names and locations for the 9 South Vanuatu languages.Proto-South Vanuatu was reconstructed by John Lynch in 2001.The language, compared to Proto-Oceanic, went through a series of vowel reductions, leading to the creation of a new vowel written as *ə, such as in *na-waiR "fresh water" resulting in Proto-South Vanuatu *nə-wai of the same meaning.For example, *tanum "to plant, bury" is reflected in Proto-South Vanuatu as *(a)-tenum "to bury", but *taŋis "to cry" is instead reflected as *(a)-taŋi.
VanuatuLinguistic classificationAustronesianMalayo-PolynesianOceanicSouthern OceanicISO 639-3GlottologSouthern Oceanic languagesTafea ProvinceAneityumFutunaErromangoSorungKwameraSouthwest TannaLenakelWhitesandsNorth TannaErromangaNetvaarAnejom̃Proto-AustronesianProto-Malayo-PolynesianProto-OceanicCentralClose-midLabiovelarBilabialAlveolarPalatalUvularvoicedvoicelessFricativeApproximantLynch, JohnRoss, MalcolmCrowley, TerryFrançois, AlexandrePacific LinguisticsNorthVanuatuTorres–BanksLo-TogaLehaliLöyöpMwotlapLemerigVera’aVurësMwesenMwerlapSun̄wadiaSun̄wadagaBaetoraDuiduiNortheast AmbaeEspiritu SantoCape CumberlandNokukuTolomakoTasirikiTangoaM̈av̈eaTutubaTamamboShark BayCentral VanuatuNortheast MalakulaMpotovoroMalua BayV’ënen TautLarevatNeve’eiNavavaNevwervwerPangkumuBanam BayLendamboiNasarianMaskelynesPort SandwichSinesipNaha’aiNorth AmbrymWest AmbrymSouth AmbrymBiereboBieriaNakanamangaNamakirSouth EfateSie / ErromanganKwamera (South Tanna)Lenakel (West Tanna)Whitesands (East Tanna)NengoneNdrumbeaNumèèXârâcùùXârâgurèTîrîVamaleHavekeCèmuhîPaicîPwaameiPwapwaBwatooHmwavekeWaamwangYuangaNyâlayuextinct statusAustronesian languagesFormosanTsouicNorthern FormosanEast FormosanNorthwest Sumatra–Barrier IslandsLampungJavaneseMadureseBali–Sasak–SumbawaPhilippineBatanicNorthern LuzonCentral LuzonNorthern MindoroGreater Central PhilippineKalamianSouth MindanaoSangiricMinahasanBaritoGreater North BorneoSabahanNorth SarawakanMelanau–KajangKayan–MurikLand DayakSundaneseRejangMoklenicCelebicBungku–TolakiMuna–ButonSaluan–BanggaiTomini–TolitoliSouth SulawesiMakassarNorthern South SulawesiSumba–FloresFlores–LembataSelaruKei–TanimbarTimoricCentral MalukuEasternHalmahera SeaCenderawasihAdmiraltySt. MatthiasTemotuSoutheast SolomonicMicronesianCentral PacificWesternMeso-MelanesianNorth New GuineaPapuan TipSouthern