Ndrumbea language

Ndrumbea, variously spelled Dumbea, Ndumbea, Dubea, Drubea and Païta, is a New Caledonian language that gave its name to the capital of New Caledonia, Nouméa, and the neighboring town of Dumbéa; it is also spoken in the nearby region of Païta.Ndrumbea, like its close relative Numee, is a tonal language, with three contrasting tones, high, mid, and low.The mid front vowels are lower when short than long: /i e ɛ a o ʊ u/; /iː ɪː eː aː oː ʊː uː/.There are five nasal vowels, also long and short: /ĩ ẽ ã õ ũ/; /ĩː ẽː ãː õː ũː/.Ndrumbea contrasts three coronal places, articulated with the tip or blade of the tongue contacting the roof of the mouth: /t̪/, /ʈ/, /t̠/ and their nasal homologs.
New CaledoniaNouméaLanguage familyAustronesianMalayo-PolynesianOceanicSouthern OceanicNew CaledonianSouthernISO 639-3GlottologUNESCOAtlas of the World's Languages in DangerUnicodeNew Caledonian languageDumbéaPaïtaAustronesian languagesnasal vowelsepenthetic vowelCentralNear-closeClose-midOpen-midnasal stopsprenasalized stopsLabialDentalAlveolarPostalveolarlabializedApicalLaminalᵐbʷⁿd̠ᵑɡʷPlosiveprenasalizedvoicelessFricativeApproximantcoronaldenti-alveolarcoronal consonantsEthnologueLanguages of New CaledoniaFrenchNewCaledonianCèmuhîHavekeNengoneNyâlayuPaicîPwaameiPwapwâVamaleYuangaNumèèSîchëTîrîXârâcùùXârâgurèPolynesianWest UveanJavaneseSouthern Oceanic languagesNorthVanuatuTorres–BanksLo-TogaLehaliLöyöpMwotlapLemerigVera’aVurësMwesenMwerlapSun̄wadiaSun̄wadagaBaetoraDuiduiNortheast AmbaeEspiritu SantoCape CumberlandNokukuTolomakoTasirikiTangoaM̈av̈eaTutubaTamamboShark BayCentral VanuatuNortheast MalakulaMpotovoroMalua BayV’ënen TautLarevatNeve’eiNavavaNevwervwerPangkumuBanam BayLendamboiNasarianMaskelynesPort SandwichSinesipNaha’aiNorth AmbrymWest AmbrymSouth AmbrymBiereboBieriaNakanamangaNamakirSouth EfateSouth VanuatuSie / ErromanganSorungKwamera (South Tanna)Southwest TannaLenakel (West Tanna)Whitesands (East Tanna)North TannaAneityumPwapwaBwatooHmwavekeWaamwangextinct statusEastern Malayo-Polynesian languagesTandiaWaropenWaremboriHalmahera SeaMatbatFiawatSouth HalmaheraPataniCenderawasihBiakicDusnerMeoswarWandamenMungguiPapumaSerui-LautKuruduYerisiamAdmiraltyYapeseBaluan-PamLenkauPenchalNorthern KanietSouthern KanietSeimatWuvuluSaint MatthiasMussau-EmiraTemotuAsumboaTanimbiliLovonoTanemaReefs–Santa CruzÄiwooEngdewu / NangguNatügu / Santa CruzSoutheastSolomonicBugotuMalangoTaliseLongguFaganiMarau WawaTo'abaitaBaeleleaBaegguFatalekaKwara'aeGula'alaaDori'oꞋAreꞌareWesternOceanicMeso–MelanesianMerameraNakanaiLaxudumauTungagMadaraLavatbura–LamusongFanamaketKandasKonomalaLungalungaNiwer MilPatpatarRamoaainaSursurungaWarwar FeniNorthwestSolomonicPapapanaPetatsSaposaTinputzBannoniMono-AluUruavaBabatanaVarisiVaghuaGhanonggaKusagheLunggaMarovoRovianaUgheleVangunuBlablangaCheke HoloKokotaZabanaTomoipNorth New GuineaSarmi–JayapuraBonggoKayupulauMasimasiPodenaKaptiauTarpiaTobatiSchoutenArop-SissanoSissanoUlau-SuainTumleoYakamulKairiruTerebuMedeburHuon GulfBukawaAribwatsaAribwaungAdzeraDangalMaralangoSilisiliWamparWampurKumaluMangga BuangMapos BuangMumengNumbamiNgero–VitiazBariaiMalalamaiAwad BingBilibilGedagedMatukarMindiriLamogaiMouk-AriaKaroreKaulongSengsengAiklepAkoletApalikBebeliLesing-GelimiMangsengSolongMamusiMengenArop-LukepKarnaiMalasangaMur PanoPapuan Tip'AuhelawaBuhutuBwanabwanaOya'oyaSalibaUnubaheWagawagaBwaidokaDiodioIamaleleKoluwawaMaiadomuBunamaBoselewaGaleyaMolimaMwatebuSewa BayDawawaKakabaiArifama-MiniafiaGapapaiwaGhayaviKaninuwaHaigwaiMaiwalaMinavehaTaupotaTawalaYakaikekeGumawanaBudibudKilivilaMisimaSudestSouthernOceanicNorth VanuatuMicronesianNauruanKosraeanGilberteseMarshalleseChuukic–PohnpeicChuukicSonsorolTobianChuukeseWoleaianUlithianPuluwateseNamonuitoTanapagCarolinianSatawaleseMortlockesePááfangPohnpeicMokilesePingelapesePohnpeianNgatikeseCentral PacificRotumanNamosi-Naitasiri-SeruaWestern FijianFijianGone DauLomaivitiNuclearPolynesianTuvaluanSikaianaOntong JavaNukumanuNuguriaKapingamarangiNukuoroPukapukanSamoicSamoanTokelauanNiuatoputapuHawaiianMarqeusanMangarevaTahitianAustralTuamotuanCook Islands MāoriRakahanga-ManihikiTongarevaMāoriMorioriRapa NuiWallisian (East Uvean)Futunan (East Futunan)Futuna-Aniwa (West Futunan)RennelleseTikopiaMele-FilaTongicTonganNiueanNiuafo'ou