Languages of Iraq

In 1997 the Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman adopted the Turkish alphabet as the formal written language[3][4] and by 2005 the community leaders decided that the Turkish language would replace traditional Turkmeni (which had used the Arabic script) in Iraqi schools.The official translation (in English, for international use) was produced in cooperation between Iraqi state authorities and the United Nations' Office for Constitutional Support.In addition, any region or province may declare other languages official if a majority of the population approves in a general referendum.Sumerian and Akkadian (including all ancient Assyrian and Babylonian dialects) were written in the cuneiform script from 3300 BCE onwards.The latest positively identified Akkadian text comes from the first century CE.
AradenOfficialArabicKurdishVernacularMesopotamian ArabicMinorityNortheastern Neo-AramaicClassical SyriacArmenianDomariForeignEnglishSignedIraqi Sign LanguageKeyboard layoutArabic keyboardArabic languageSoraniKurmanjiTurkishArabic scriptIraqi Turkmen/TurkomanTurkish alphabetTurkish languageSyriac scriptShabakiConstitution of IraqTransitional National Assembly of Iraqconstitutional referendumOfficial Gazette of IraqUnited NationsNeo-Aramaicminority languagesSumerian languageAkkadian languagecuneiform scriptAramaicNeo-Aramaic languagesBrill PublishersRoutledgeBrock, Sebastian P.Khan, GeoffreyWikisourceStandardAssyrian Neo-AramaicGorani (Hawrami)Southern Kurdish (Xwarin)PersianMandaicNeo-MandaicHebrewKurdish Sign LanguageHistoryChronologyUbaid periodHassuna cultureHalaf cultureHalaf-Ubaid Transitional periodSamarra cultureUruk periodJemdet Nasr periodSubartuAkkadian EmpireGutian dynastyNeo-Sumerian EmpireIsin-Larsa periodFirst Babylonian EmpireOld Assyrian PeriodMiddle Assyrian EmpireKassite dynasty of the Babylonian EmpireSimurrum cultureBabyloniaAssyriaNeo-Assyrian EmpireNeo-Babylonian EmpireBabylonian captivityFall of BabylonAchaemenid AssyriaSeleucid BabyloniaParthian BabyloniaSassanid AsorestanMuslim conquest of MesopotamiaUmayyad CaliphateAbbasid CaliphateBuyid dynastyQara QoyunluAq QoyunluSafavidsOttoman IraqMamluk dynastyMandate for MesopotamiaMandatory IraqKingdom of IraqArab FederationRepublic1958–19681968–20032003–20112011–presentArab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq RegionNational CommandSaddam HusseinIraqi–Kurdish conflict1974–1975 Shatt al-Arab clashes1977 Shia uprising in Iraq1979–1980 Shia uprising in IraqWeapons of mass destructionIran–Iraq WarOperation OperaInvasion of KuwaitGulf War1991 uprisingsSanctionsIraq WarU.S. invasionIraqi insurgencyU.S. troop withdrawalInsurgency (2011–2013)War (2014–2017)Fall of MosulMosul liberationInsurgency2019–2021 protests2021–2022 Iraqi political crisisGeographyFaw peninsulaUpper MesopotamiaLower MesopotamiaEuphrates riverHamrin MountainsIraqi KurdistanIslandsMesopotamiaMesopotamian MarshesPersian GulfPlacesShatt al-ArabSyrian DesertTigris riverUmm QasrZagros MountainsWildlifeSinjar MountainsPoliticsAdministrative divisionsConstitutionCouncil of Representatives (legislative)DemocracyElectionsForeign aidForeign relationsGovernmentCouncil of MinistersPresidency CouncilPresidentPrime MinisterHuman rightsin pre-Saddam Iraqin Saddam Hussein's Iraqin post-invasion Iraqin ISIL-controlled territoryFreedom of religionMilitaryPolicePolitical partiesJudiciaryWars and conflictsEconomyCentral BankCompaniesCorruptionDinar (currency)InfrastructureForeign InvestmentOil IndustryOil reservesReconstructionStock ExchangeTelecommunicationsTransportationAirlinesRailwaysTourismDemographicsIraqisMinoritiesArmeniansAssyriansCircassiansMandaeansMarsh ArabsPersiansSollubaIraqi TurkmenReligionSecularismChristianityMandaeismYazidisIrreligionCinemaCuisineCultureLiteratureEducationHealthTelevisionSmokingSportsSquattingPublic holidaysMesopotamian spring festival (Akitu)Mandaean New YearLanguages of Asia Sovereign statesAfghanistanArmeniaAzerbaijanBahrainBangladeshBhutanBruneiCambodiaCyprusEast Timor (Timor-Leste)GeorgiaIndonesiaIsraelJordanKazakhstanNorth KoreaSouth KoreaKuwaitKyrgyzstanLebanonMalaysiaMaldivesMongoliaMyanmarPakistanPhilippinesRussiaSaudi ArabiaSingaporeSri LankaTajikistanThailandTurkeyTurkmenistanUnited Arab EmiratesUzbekistanVietnamStates withlimited recognitionAbkhaziaNorthern CyprusPalestineSouth OssetiaTaiwanDependenciesBritish Indian Ocean TerritoryChristmas IslandCocos (Keeling) IslandsHong Kong