Decembrist revolution (Argentina)
Juan Lavalle, returning with the troops that fought in the Argentine-Brazilian War, mounted a coup on December 1, 1828, capturing and killing the governor Manuel Dorrego and ultimately closing the legislature.The rancher Juan Manuel de Rosas organized militias that fought against Lavalle and removed him from power, restoring the legislature.[1] The Banda Oriental had been conquered and annexed by Portugal, which renamed it as Cisplatina; the Portuguese colonies in South America declared their independence and became the Empire of Brazil shortly after.The peace treaty declared it an independent country, the modern nation of Uruguay, which was resented by the Argentine military that fought in the conflict.[3] The bulk of the army arrived to Buenos Aires on November 26, in bad shape: they lacked food and clothing, had not been paid for months, and resented the peace treaty.The admiral William Brown supported the operation and prepared a naval siege of the fort (modern Casa Rosada), but it was not needed.Lacking leadership, several groups of federals left the city and sought the help of the rancher Juan Manuel de Rosas to coordinate the resistance against the coup.According to Iriarte's memoirs, Lavalle was informed that all the countryside was against the coup, so he appointed William Brown interim governor and left the city with 600 cuirassiers.According to Lamadrid's memoirs, Rosas initially rejected the proposal, considering Lavalle an outlaw, but finally agreed to send delegates to negotiate.Dorrego was defeated at the battle of Navarro, and then betrayed by his officers Bernardino Escribano and Mariano Acha, who defected from the federals to the unitarians and took him as a prisoner to Lavalle.The unitarians Juan Cruz Varela and Salvador María del Carril wrote to Lavalle instructing him to execute Dorrego.A group of federals, including Viamonte, wanted elections for a new legislature, but Rosas pointed that the terms of the deposed legislators had not ended and were not legally interrupted; his position prevailed.He faced the military threat of José María Paz, who began a campaign against federals in Córdoba similar to the one of Lavalle.His actions were not limited to the province of Córdoba, and sent Gregorio Aráoz de Lamadrid to la Rioja and Roman Deheza to Santiago del Estero.Buenos Aires, Santa Fe and Entre Ríos signed a defensive and offensive alliance, the Federal pact.
Argentine Civil WarsArgentinaFederalesUnitariansManuel DorregoJuan M. de RosasEstanislao LópezFacundo QuirogaJuan LavalleJosé M. PazG. Aráoz de LamadridSpanishBuenos Aires ProvinceArgentine-Brazilian WarJuan Manuel de RosasUnitarian LeagueJosé María PazArgentine War of Independencefederalsbattle of CepedaBernardino RivadaviaBanda OrientalCisplatinaEmpire of BrazilUruguayTomás GuidoWilliam BrownCasa RosadaBuenos Aires CabildoGregorio Aráoz de LamadridMariano AchaSalvador María del Carrilhigh treasonJosé de San Martínbattle of Márquez BridgeCañuelas PactJuan José Viamontesum of public powerFederal pactBenito VillafañegauchosentangledArgentine Civil Wars (1814–76)FederalistsJosé Gervasio ArtigasMariano VeraFrancisco RamírezJuan Bautista BustosAlejandro HerediaPascual EchagüeJusto José de UrquizaRicardo López JordánChacho PeñalozaCarlos María de AlvearJuan Martín de PueyrredónJosé RondeauJuan Esteban PederneraPedro FerréDomingo Faustino SarmientoCepeda (1820)San Roque (1829)Márquez Bridge (1829)Famaillá (1841)Caaguazú (1841)Laguna Limpia (1846)Caseros (1852)Cepeda (1859)Pavón (1861)Pilar (1820)Benegas (1820)Quadrilateral (1822)Cañuelas Pact (1829)Federal Pact (1831)San Nicolás (1852)Pact of San José de Flores (1859)United Provinces of the Río de la PlataLeague of the Free PeoplesArequito RevoltRevolution of the RestorersArgentine ConfederationUruguayan Civil WarFreemen of the SouthRevolution of 11 September 1852State of Buenos AiresArgentine Constitution of 1853