Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2014)

[12] The UN Human Rights Council issued a report accusing both IS militants and Syrian government forces of committing war crimes in Syria.[18] Syrian fighter jets launched a precise attack on an IS HQ in the city of Mohasan, during a meeting between military leaders and sharia judges.[43][44][45][46] Bombing raids by an American-led International Coalition (Bahrain, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates) targeted ISIS and Al Qaeda's Khorasan franchise, escalating the war to a new level.[53] Coalition aircraft began targeting oil installations controlled by the ISIL, mostly located in Al Hasakah, Abu Kamail, and Deir el-Zour.[54][55][56] More than 20 Syrian rebel groups signed an agreement to unite in the fight against the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria and President Bashar al-Assad's forces.ISIS suffers damaged equipment and delayed advances due to American air superiority, buying the Kurds in northern part of Syria time to recover.[69][70] Turkey agrees to allow the training of 2,000 Syrian opposition forces on its soil as Islamic State militants approach to within 1 mile of the centre of the border city of Kobani.[citation needed] After months of fighting, the Syrian army captured Morek, a strategic town on the highway linking the cities of Hama and Aleppo.[76] U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon reports to the Security Council that the organization has observed the Israeli Defence Forces interacting with, at "terrorist bases," and supplying weapons to rebels, including Al Nusra.[78] Nusra Front and other local rebels capture the southern city of Nawa from Syrian Arab Army forces after months of fighting.According to SOHR, the Syrian Arab Army plane had carried out twenty airstrikes over the town the previous night, but it was the first time that ISIS had succeeded in bringing one down.[citation needed] According to the New Straits Times (a government-controlled Malaysian newspaper), activists and opposition figures indicate the demise of the Revolution to topple Assad, calling the revolt a failure.[89] 17 rebel leaders in southern Syria signed a joint defense pact in order to project a more united front and receive increased backing from Western and Arab backers.[97] After months of violent clashes with Jaysh Al-Islam, the Syrian army declared the East District of Jobar under complete fire control.[100] Nusra Front and other rebels captured two military bases at Wadi Deif and Hamidiyeh in the Idlib province from government forces, after two years of fighting.[104] In the five-part video series 'The War Next Door,' a VICE journalist goes behind the scenes with the IDF unit which gathers wounded Syrian rebel fighters in the dead of night and brings them to Israel for treatment.[105] A Royal Jordanian Air Force warplane crashed, and its pilot was captured by Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant militants near Raqqa.The rebels in the northern part of the country advanced in key battlegrounds near Aleppo over the weekend as several groups merged and renamed themselves the Levant Front.[107] The Italian coast guard boarded and regained control of a cargo ship that had been sabotaged and abandoned by human traffickers carrying nearly 1,000 passengers, mostly Syrian refugees, that was in imminent jeopardy of crashing into land.
Timeline of the Syrian civil warSyrian civil warTimelineBackground and causesCasualtiesCitiesTerrorismMassacresCivil uprising in SyriaBaniyasHoms (May–August 2011)TalkalakhRastan and Talbiseh1st Jisr ash-Shughur1st Jabal al-ZawiyaLatakiaStart of insurgencyHoms (2011–14)1st Homs offensive1st Idlib Gov.Syrian–Turkish borderJabal al-Zawiya1st Idlib CitySaraqib1st RastanHama Gov.Shayrat & Tiyas ambushDaraa Gov.1st Rif Dimashq1st ZabadaniDeir ez-Zor (2011–2014)Aleppo Gov.2nd Rastan1st al-Qusayr2nd Idlib Gov.TaftanazUN ceasefireRebel advances3rd Rastan1st Northern HomsAl-HaffahAl-QubeirAl-Tremseh3rd Idlib Gov.1st DamascusBombing1st Aleppo cityAnadanMenagh Air BaseBase 46Khan al-Assal1st Aleppo offensive2nd Aleppo offensiveSyrian KurdistanKurdish–Islamist conflictHasaka campaignRas al-Aynal-YaarubiyahTell Hamis and Tell BrakTell AbyadNubl & Al-Zahraa2nd Rif Dimashq1st DarayyaAbu al-Duhur AirbaseQuneitra Gov.3rd Rif Dimashq1st Yarmouk camp2nd DarayyaDarayya & Muadamiyat1st Hama offensiveHalfaya1st SafiraShadadeh2nd Damascus1st Raqqa campaign1st Raqqa1st Daraa offensive4th Rif DimashqJdaidet al-FadlTadamonGhouta2nd al-Qusayr3rd al-QusayrEastern Ghouta2nd Hama offensiveBayda and Baniyas1st Latakia offensiveMa'loula5th Rif Dimashq1st QalamounRise of ISISInter-rebel conflictNorthern AleppoMarkada1st Deir ez-Zor offensiveal-Otaiba ambush2nd Daraa offensive2nd Latakia offensive4th Idlib Gov.Al-Malihah2nd Wadi Deif2nd QalamounDeir ez-Zor (2014–2017)1st Shaer gas field1st Eastern SyriaTabqa Airbase3rd Hama offensive6th Rif Dimashq1st Quneitra1st KobanîU.S.-led interventionISIL advancesHoms school bombing3rd Daraa offensive2nd Safira2014 Idlib city raidNusra–FSA conflict2nd Shaer gas field1st Al-Shaykh Maskin2nd Deir ez-Zor offensive3rd Aleppo offensiveAn-26 crash4th Daraa offensiveSouthern SyriaEastern al-Hasakah offensive1st SarrinHama/Homs offensive5th Idlib Gov2nd Idlib cityAl-Fu'ah-Kafriya2nd Yarmouk camp1st Northwestern Syria3rd Qalamoun1st PalmyraWestern al-Hasakah offensive1st Al-Hasakah cityDaraa/As-Suwayda2nd Quneitra2nd Sarrin5th Daraa2nd Al-Hasakah city2nd Kobanî4th Aleppo offensive2nd Zabadani2nd PalmyraAl-Ghab1st al-QaryataynDouma market7th Rif DimashqKuweires offensiveRussian intervention3rd Quneitra2nd Northwestern Syria3rd Latakia offensiveSu-24 shootdown5th Aleppo offensiveal-Hawl2nd Homs offensive6th Aleppo offensive4th Hama offensiveTell TamerTishrin Dam2nd Al-Shaykh Maskinal-Qamishli bombingsOrontes River3rd Deir ez-Zor offensive1st Sayyidah Zaynab7th Aleppo offensive1st Ithriyah-RaqqaAl-ShaddadiHoms bombings2nd Sayyidah ZaynabKhanasir2nd Tel AbyadAl-Tanf2nd Al-Qaryatayn3rd Palmyra2nd Maarat al-Nu'manAleppo escalationEuphrates Shield8th Aleppo offensive6th Daraa9th–11th Aleppo offensivesAl-Dumayr1st East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict1st QamishliAleppo bombings8th Rif Dimashq3rd Shaer gas fieldNorthern RaqqaJableh & TartusManbijTokhar2nd Ithriyah-Raqqa9th Rif Dimashq12th–14th Aleppo offensives4th Latakia offensive1st Abu Kamal3rd Qamishlial-Rai3rd Al-Hasakah CityOperation Euphrates ShieldNorthern al-Babal-Bab5th Hama offensive1st Western al-Bab1st Eastern QalamounSeptember bombings4th QuneitraDeir ez-Zor airstrikeAleppo aid convoy attack15th Aleppo offensiveKhan al-Shih1st Idlib inter-rebel conflict2nd Western al-Bab16th Aleppo offensive2nd Raqqa campaign17th Aleppo offensive4th PalmyraWadi Barada1st Syrian DesertAzaz bombings5th Palmyra4th Deir ez-Zor offensive18th Aleppo offensive2nd Idlib inter-rebel conflict7th DaraaQaboun8th DaraaIslamic StateEastern Homs offensiveal-Jina mosque6th Hama offensiveKhan ShaykhunUS Shayrat strikeAleppo bus bombingApril 2017 Turkish airstrikes2nd East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict2nd Syrian DesertMaskanahEast Hama2nd Raqqa9th DaraaSouthern RaqqaIranian Deir ez-Zor strikeJa'din5th QuneitraCentral Syria3rd Idlib inter-rebel conflict4th QalamounDeir ez-Zor (2017–2019)2nd Eastern SyriaDeir ez-Zor cityEuphrates CrossingMayadin2nd Abu Kamal7th Hama offensiveOperation Olive Branch3rd Northwestern SyriaEastern Syria insurgencyAtaribHarastaBeit Jinn3rd Syrian Desert5th Deir ez-Zor offensive1st Southern DamascusOlive BranchSDF insurgencyKhashamFeb 2018 Israel–Syria incident10th Rif Dimashq4th Idlib inter-rebel conflict2nd Southern DamascusU.S.-led missile strikes2nd Northern Homs2nd Eastern Qalamoun3rd Southern DamascusDeir ez-Zor SAA-SDF clashesHouse of Cards1st As-Suwayda2nd Southern Syria2nd As-Suwayda3rd As-Suwayda2nd QamishliIdlib demilitarization5th Idlib inter-rebel conflict1st Israeli missile strikesNorthern border clashesDaraa insurgencyManbij bombingBaghuz FawqaniU.S. airstrikeFirst Idlib offensiveOperation Peace SpringSecond Idlib offensive4th NorthwesternTell RifaatRaqqa & Azaz2nd Israeli missile strikesPeace Spring2nd Ras al-AynKayla MuellerNorthern bombings3rd Israeli missile strikes5th NorthwesternBalyunSpring Shield2nd U.S. missile strikes10th Daraa6th Idlib inter-rebel conflictAyn IssaQamishli & Al-Hasakah4th Israeli missile strikes11th Daraa7th Idlib inter-rebel conflict1st Aleppo inter-rebel conflictJabal al-Bishrī2nd Aleppo inter-rebel conflictClaw-SwordNorthwestern clashes3rd U.S. missile strikes2nd Northern clashesDeir ez-Zor clashes3rd Northern clashesHoms drone strikeIsrael–Hezbollah conflictIranian consulate airstrikeFebruary 2024 airstrikesAnti-Turkish riotsOpposition offensivesAssad overthrown2nd Aleppo cityHospital strike8th Hama offensive19th Aleppo offensive6th Deir ez-Zor offensive3rd Homs offensive6th Palmyra2nd ManbijAl-Mustariha strike3rd Southern Syria3rd DamascusFall of the Assad regimeTransitional governmentSNA–SDF conflictIsraeli invasion of Syria3rd Kobani20th Aleppo offensiveWestern clashesSyrian War spillover and international incidentsLebanon spilloverLebanese–Syrian borderIranian embassy bombingNorth Lebanon clashesSyrian–Turkish border incidentsTurkish F4 shootdownReyhanlı bombingsTurkish occupation of northern SyriaKurdish riotsJordanian–Syrian border incidentsIsraeli–Syrian ceasefire lineFebruary 2018 incidentMay 2018 incidentIraqi–Syrian border incidentsAkashatal-ShabahWestern NinevehWestern Iraq2017 Tehran attacks2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike2024 Iranian airstrikes in SyriaSpillover in TurkeyRussian Su-24 shootdownAndrei KarlovBalyun airstrikesKafr Takharim airstrikesIran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflictSpillover in EuropeForeign involvement in the Syrian civil warRussian involvementIranian intervention2017 missile strike2012 Hezbollah involvementForeign rebel fightersTurkish involvementTurkey–Islamic State conflict2017 airstrikesIdlib Governorate operationAfrin operation2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern SyriaIsrael's roleUS interventionList of attacks2014 rescue operationMay 2015 raid2017 missile strikesQatari involvementJordanian interventionOperation Martyr MuathLebanon's roleSaudi involvementApril 2018 missile strikesDutch involvementGerman interventionFrench interventionAustralian interventionUK interventionCasualties of the Syrian Civil WarLebanese ArmyIslamic State of Iraq and the LevantAleppoAl-QaedashariaBaath DamSteven SotloffIslamic courtQuneitra GovernorateBarack ObamaEuphratesAyn-Al-ArabKhorasanal-Nusra FrontSyrian Air ForceSukhoi Su-24Bashar al-AssadParliament in AnkaraPeshmergasuicide bomberattackYarmouk CampKobaniAl HarraShahba MallTurkeyKobanêAbdul-Rahman KassigNew Straits TimesJassemUnited Nations World Food ProgramCeylanpinarMevlut CavusogluRoyal Jordanian Air ForceLevant FrontSaad, HwaidaThe Daily TelegraphFacebookThomson Reuters Foundation NewsTheGuardian.comReutersFox NewsRojavaTimeline Syrian peace processSyrian government reactionsBelligerents SpilloverCities and towns Sectarianism and minoritiesSyrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)Refugees of the Syrian civil warHumanitarian aid during the Syrian civil warHuman rights violations during the Syrian civil warSyrian revolutionEarly insurgency phase2012–2013 escalationCeasefiresInternational reactions to the Syrian civil warReactions to the fall of the Assad regimeSecond Northern Syria Buffer ZoneRussian-Turkish agreement on SyriaUS intervention in the Syrian civil war2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and SyriaKurdish Area in SyriaSyrian Democratic ForcesRojava conflictU.S. task forceRelations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in SyriaSyrian transitional governmentBackground1963 coup1966 coupCorrective MovementIslamist uprisingLatakia protestsDamascus SpringQamishli riotsSyrian occupation of LebanonDamascus DeclarationHuman rights in Syria2010s in Syria political historyArab SpringJan–AprMay–AugSep–DecDeath of Hamza Ali Al-KhateebSiege of DaraaSiege of BaniyasMay Talkalakh siegeSiege of Rastan and TalbisehJune Jisr ash-Shughur operationSiege of HamaSiege of HomsJabal al-Zawiya operationSiege of LatakiaDeir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012)Battle of ZabadaniBattle of DoumaDaraa Governorate clashesBattle of RastanShayrat and Tiyas airbase ambushIdlib Governorate clashesDecember Jabal al-Zawiya massacresJanuary al-Midan bombingFirst Battle of IdlibBattle of al-QusayrIdlib Governorate operation (Apr)Battle of TaftanazMay Battle of RastanHoula massacreBattle of al-HaffahAl-Qubeir massacreBattle of TremsehBattle of Damascus18 July 2012 Damascus bombingBattle of AleppoBattle of AnadanSiege of Base 46Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug-Oct)Darayya massacreBattle of Khirbet Al-JozBattle of Maarrat al-NumanFirst siege of Wadi DeifBattle of HaremRif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012–Feb 2013)Battle of DarayyaAqrab massacreHama offensiveHalfaya massacreQuneitra Governorate clashesTalbiseh bakery massacreMay–DecBattle of SafiraBattle of ShadadehDamascus offensiveRaqqa campaign (2012–2013)Battle of Raqqa (Mar)Daraa offensiveRif Dimashq offensive (Mar–Aug)Battle of Jdaidet al-FadlGhouta chemical attackAl-Qusayr offensiveBayda and Baniyas massacresHatla massacreKhan al-Assal chemical attackKhan al-Assal massacreAdra massacreBattle of Ras al-AynBattle of Tell AbyadRif Dimashq offensive (Sep–Nov)Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)Battle of al-YaarubiyahBattle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (Dec–Jan)Jan–JulFirst Inter-rebel conflictBattle of MarkadaDeir ez-Zor offensiveBattle of MorekDaraa offensive (Feb–May)Maan massacreIdlib offensiveBattle of HosnLatakia OffensiveBattle of Al-MalihahKafr Zita chemical attackSecond siege of Wadi DeifQalamoun offensive (Jun–Aug)Battle of ArsalFirst Battle of the Shaer gas fieldEastern Syria offensiveBattle of Tabqa AirbaseNorthern Aleppo offensive (Feb–Jul)Quneitra offensiveRif Dimashq offensive (Aug–Nov)Siege of KobanîDaraa offensive (Oct)Al-Safira offensiveIdlib RaidSecond Inter-Rebel ConflictSecond Battle of the Shaer gas fieldBattle of Al-Shaykh MaskinDeir ez-Zor offensive (Dec)Aug–DecAir Force An-26 crashDaraa Offensive (Jan)Southern Syria OffensiveBattle of Sarrin (Mar–Apr)Battle of Sarrin (Jun–Jul)Battle of BosraSecond Battle of IdlibBattle of Nasib Border CrossingBattle of Yarmouk CampPalmyra offensive (May)Qamishli bombingsTell Abyad offensiveKobanî massacreQuneitra offensive (Jun)Palmyra offensive (Jul–Aug)Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep)Northwestern Syria offensive (Oct–Nov)Al-Hawl offensiveHoms offensive (Nov-Dec)East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)2015–2016 Latakia offensiveTishrin Dam offensiveRussian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdownSecond Battle of Al-Shaykh MaskinDeir ez-Zor offensive (Jan)Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb)Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Feb–Mar)Al-Shaddadi offensiveFebruary Homs bombingsKhanasir offensiveBattle of Tel AbyadBattle of Qamishli (Apr)Northern Aleppo offensive (Mar–Jun)Palmyra offensive (Mar)East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)Rif Dimashq offensive (Apr–May)Northern Raqqa offensive (May)May Jableh & Tartous bombingsIthriyah-Raqqa offensive (Jun)Rif Dimashq offensive (Jun–Oct)Manbij offensiveTokhar massacreSouthern Aleppo campaignBattle of al-Rai (Aug)Aleppo summer campaignWestern al-Bab offensive (Sep)5 September bombingsSeptember Deir ez-Zor air raidSeptember Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attackAleppo offensive (Sep–Oct)Dabiq offensiveWestern al-Bab offensive (Oct–Nov)Khan al-Shih offensive (Oct–Nov)Raqqa campaignBattle of al-BabAleppo offensive (Nov-Dec)Palmyra offensive (Dec)Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)January Azaz bombingDesert campaign (Dec 16–Apr 17)Idlib clashes (Jan–Mar)Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan–Feb)Daraa offensive (Feb–Jun)Southwestern Daraa offensive (Feb)Qaboun offensivePalmyra offensiveEast Aleppo offensive (Jan–Apr)March Damascus bombingsAl-Jinah airstrikeHama offensive (Mar–Apr)Battle of TabqaKhan Shaykhun chemical attackShayrat missile strikeAleppo bombingApril Turkish airstrikesDesert campaign (May–Jul)Maskanah Plains offensiveEast Hama offensiveBattle of RaqqaDaraa offensive (Jun)Southern Raqqa offensive (Jun)Jobar offensive (Jun–Aug)Idlib clashes (Jul)Central campaignQalamoun (Jul–Aug)Deir ez-Zor offensive (Sep 17–Mar 18)Hama offensive (Sep)Northwestern campaign (Oct 17–Feb 18)Turkish military operation in Idlib GovernorateBattle of HarastaEastern campaign (Sep–Dec)Euphrates Crossing offensiveMayadin offensiveBattle of Deir ez-Zor (Sep–Nov)Abu Kamal offensiveBeit Jinn offensiveBattle of KhashamRif Dimashq offensive (Feb–Apr)Southern Damascus offensive (Jan–Feb)Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflictSouthern Damascus offensive (Mar)Douma chemical attackMissile strikes (Apr)Northern Homs offensive (Apr–May)Eastern Qalamoun offensive (Apr)Southern Damascus offensive (Apr–May)Deir ez-Zor clashes (Apr)Deir ez-Zor offensive (May–Jun)As-Suwayda offensive (Jun)Southern offensiveAs-Suwayda attacksAs-Suwayda (Aug-Nov)Qamishli clashes (Sep)Missile strikes (Sep)Idlib inter-rebel conflictBattle of Baghuz FawqaniISIL insurgency in Deir-ez-ZorDêrik prison escape attemptTell Rifaat clashesNorthwestern offensive (Apr–Aug)June bombingsHass refugee camp bombingMissile strikes (Aug)Turkish offensive into northeastBarisha raidNovember bombingsIsraeli missile strikes (Nov)Qah missile strikeNorthwestern offensive (Dec 19–Mar 20)US airstrikesJan–DecCOVID-19 pandemicAfrin bombingKafr-Takharim airstrikeAyn Issa clashesDeir ez-Zor ambushSiege of Qamishli and Al-HasakahMissile strikes (Jan)US airstrike (Feb)US airstrike (Jun)Daraa clashesTahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflictBattle of al-HasakahAhrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashesJabal al-Bishrī clashesJarqli airstrikesNorthern Aleppo clashes (Oct)Operation Claw-SwordNorthwest clashes (Dec)Jan-DecAl-Sukhnah attackDamascus airstrikeHama attackJan–OctNov–presentAleppo University Hospital airstrikeOperation Dawn of FreedomKobani clashesHoms offensiveFall of DamascusWestern Syria clashesIsraeli invasionIsrael and Golan HeightsMarch 2017 incidentMay 2018 Israel–Iran incidentsAkashat ambushOperation al-ShabahJordanian border incidentsLebanonLebanese border clashesBattle of SidonIranian embassy bombing in BeirutQalamoun (Jul–Aug 2017)December 2011 Turkish border clash2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown2012 Turkish border clashes2013 Reyhanlı car bombingsJanuary 2014 Turkish attack in SyriaAssassination of Andrei KarlovRussian Air Force Al-Bab incident2020 Balyun airstrikesOperation Spring ShieldDeir ez-Zor missile strikeBa'athist regimePolitics of Ba'athist SyriaArab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria RegionBa'ath BrigadesSyrian Social Nationalist PartyArab Socialist MovementSyrian Communist PartySyrian Communist Party (Unified)Lions of HusseinGuardians of the DawnArab Nationalist GuardJaysh al-MuwahhidinSootoroNational Defence ForcesPopular CommitteesGolan RegimentSyrian Armed ForcesEagles of the WhirlwindThe Islamic Resistance Front in SyriaSyrian Popular ResistanceSyrian ResistancePopular Resistance of the Eastern RegionPFLP-GCJihad Jibril BrigadesGalilee ForcesFree Palestine MovementPalestinian People's PartyLiwa FatemiyounAs-Sa'iqaal-Quds BrigadePalestine Liberation ArmyForeign supportHezbollah involvementIranian involvementmedical facility targetingmilitary interventionWagner GroupRussia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalitionPopular Mobilization ForcesOppositionInterim governmentNational CoalitionLocal Coordination CommitteesSyrian National CouncilSupreme Council of the Syrian RevolutionNational Coordination Committee for Democratic ChangeSyrian Revolution General CommissionSyrian Support GroupAdopt a RevolutionSyrian National ArmyFree Syrian ArmyNational Front for LiberationArmy of GloryAuthenticity and Development FrontArmy of Free TribesRevolutionary Commando ArmyMuslim Brotherhood in SyriaGrey WolvesSaudi ArabiaAutonomous Administrationof North and East SyriaDFNS GovernmentDemocratic Union PartyKurdish National CouncilSmaller political partiesSDF militiasPeople's Protection UnitsWomen's Protection UnitsAnti-Terror UnitsAl-Sanadid ForcesArmy of RevolutionariesSDF military councilsSyriac Military CouncilLiwa Thuwar al-RaqqaNorthern Democratic BrigadePatriotic Union of KurdistanKurdistan Workers' PartyInternational Freedom BattalionSinjar Resistance UnitsÊzîdxan Women's UnitsIslamistsMilitary activity of ISILDokumacılarAl-BarakahKhalid ibn al-Walid ArmyYarmouk Martyrs BrigadeIslamic Muthanna MovementJaysh al-JihadJund al-AqsaGroup of the One and OnlyLiwa DawudLiwa Aqab al-IslamiKatibah NusantaraKatiba al-Bittar al-LibiAl-Khansaa BrigadeJabhat Fatah al-ShamKhorasan groupSuqour al-EzzJaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-ShamTahrir al-ShamTurkistan Islamic Party in SyriaCaucasus EmirateAjnad al-KavkazJunud al-MakhdiRouse the Believers Operations RoomAnsar al-TawhidFirqat al-GhurabaHurras al-DinAnsar al-Din FrontHarakat Sham al-IslamAnsar al-Islam in KurdistanJaish al-HaramounJaysh al-SunnaLiwa al-Muhajireen wal-AnsarGreen BattalionMujahideen Shura CouncilMalhama TacticalKatibat al-Tawhid wal-JihadKatibat Jabal al-IslamJama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al ShamGhuraba al-ShamTalibanPakistani TalibanImam Bukhari JamaatFatah al-IslamMuhajirin wa-Ansar AllianceLiwaa al-UmmaAmmar AbdulhamidAli al-AbdallahAdnan al-Arooral-Assad familyBasharRifaatRami MakhloufHafez MakhloufRiad al-AsaadAnwar al-BunniFahd Jassem al-FreijSuheil al-HassanHaitham al-MalehMoaz al-KhatibKamal al-LabwaniHamza al-KhateebTal al-MallohiFida al-SayedRiad al-TurkKhaled KhojaAmmar al-QurabiSuheir AtassiAli Sadreddine Al-BayanouniAref DalilaFarid GhadryBurhan GhaliounRazan GhazzawiGhassan HittoSalim IdrisRanda KassisAbdul Halim KhaddamMichel KiloBassma KodmaniAli Habib MahmudAli Mahmoud OthmanIbrahim QashoushDawoud RajihaYassin al-Haj SalehBouthaina ShaabanAbdulbaset SiedaRiad SeifFadwa SouleimaneMohamad Anas Haitham SoueidYaser TabbaraRazan ZaitounehRami JarrahAbdurrahman MustafaFadlallah al-Haji2011 local elections2012 parliamentary election2014 presidential election2015 Northern local elections2016 parliamentary election2017 Northern local elections2017 Northern regional elections2018 local elections2020 parliamentary election2021 presidential electionCities and townsChemical weaponsDamaged heritage sitesForeign involvementHuman rights violationsHumanitarian aidInternational demonstrations and protestsInternational reactionsMass gravesRefugeesStatus of the Golan HeightsSpillover in LebanonPeace processArab League monitorsFriends of Syria GroupKofi Annan peace planUN supervision missionLakhdar Brahimi peace planU.S.–Russia peace proposals39th G8 summitUN Security Council Resolution 2118Geneva II conference2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreementVienna talks2016 Geneva talksIdlib demilitarization (2018–present)First Northern Syria Demilitarization DealSecond Northern Syria Demilitarization DealSyrian Constitutional CommitteeInternational CommissionWar crimes casesCanada + Netherlands vs SyriaExclusive mandateFourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit ConferenceSyria FilesSyrian detainee reportSyrian media coverage2015 European migrant crisisSyrian civil war in popular cultureAsh-shab yurid isqat an-nizamAlgeriaBahrainDjiboutiJordanKuwaitMauritaniaMoroccoPalestineTunisiaWestern SaharaAl WefaqFebruary 14 Youth CoalitionApril 6 Youth MovementKefayaMuslim BrotherhoodNational Association for ChangeNational Democratic PartyNational Salvation FrontRevolutionary SocialistsShayfeencomUltras AhlawyNational Liberation ArmyNational Transitional CouncilFebruary 25th MovementWomen to drive movementCDHRAPSociety for Development and ChangeRegional CommandNational CommandNational Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition ForcesHizb ut-TahrirForeign fightersConstitutional Democratic RallyEnnahdaPopular FrontTunisian General Labour UnionTunisian National Dialogue QuartetAlliance of Yemeni TribesAl-IslahHashidHouthisGeneral People's CongressHiraakWomen in the Arab SpringAbdelaziz BouteflikaAhmed OuyahiaHamad bin Isa Al KhalifaHasan MushaimaAli SalmanAli Jawad al-SheikhHosni MubarakOmar SuleimanMohamed Hussein TantawyAhmed NazifAhmed ShafikWael GhonimKamal GanzouriKhaled Mohamed SaeedEssam SharafMohamed ElBaradeiMohamed MorsiHesham QandilBassem YoussefKing Abdullah IIMarouf al-BakhitSamir RifaiMuammar GaddafiSaif al-Islam GaddafiMustafa Abdul-JelilMahmud GebrilMohammed NabbousMohamed Ould Abdel AzizMoulaye Ould Mohamed LaghdafMohammed VIAbbas El FassiAbdullah bin Abdulaziz Al SaudKhaled al-JohaniManal al-SharifNimr al-NimrOmar al-BashirHassan al-TurabiMuhammad Naji al-OtariAdel SafarRiyad Farid HijabWael Nader al-HalqiMaher al-AssadHamza Ali Al-KhateebZine El Abidine Ben AliMohamed GhannouchiMoncef MarzoukiRashid al-GhannushiFouad MebazaaBeji Caid EssebsiHamadi JebaliMohamed BouaziziChokri BelaidUAE FiveAli Abdullah SalehAbdrabbuh Mansur HadiTawakkol KarmanAbdul Majeed al-ZindaniAli Mohsen al-AhmarSadiq al-AhmarAbdul-Malik al-HouthiMohammed Ali al-HouthiInternet censorshipOnline social mediaImpactOccupy movementAlbaniaArmeniaBelarusBurkina FasoGreeceIraqi KurdistanIsraelMaldivesPortugalRussia2011–2012United KingdomUnited StatesLibyan civil war (2011–present)Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)65/265civil wardeath of Muammar Gaddafidomestic responsesTimelines