2013 Reyhanlı car bombings

Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian rebels U.S.-led intervention against ISIL The 2013 Reyhanlı car bombings took place on 11 May 2013, when two car bombs exploded in the Turkish town of Reyhanlı, a town of 64,000 people, 5 km from the Syrian border and the busiest land border post with Syria, in Hatay Province, Turkey.On 11 February 2013, the gate of the Cilvegözü–Bab al-Hawa Border Crossing was the scene of a deadly attack, when an explosion killed 17 people and injured 30 more.[20] On 12 September 2018, the Turkish National Intelligence Organization announced that they had captured Yusuf Nazik, who they alleged is one of the main suspects of the 2013 bombing.[2] Clashes broke out between Turkish and Syrian people in Reyhanlı, and police were forced to intervene by firing into the air to disperse the crowds.[9] BBC Journalist Wyre Davies reported from the site of the bombings in Reyhanli that there was 'real anger' among the people on the streets, not just against whoever had carried out the attacks but also against the government in Ankara."Whoever carried out the bombings has deliberately and successfully driven a wedge between two communities who had always coexisted, even before the war, because of cross-border trade and other historic ties", the journalist wrote.[40] In response to the attacks, the Turkish government sent large numbers of air and ground forces increasing the already heavy military presence in the area.[citation needed] The Reyhanlı Court of Peace ordered all voice, written, and visual publications referring to the blasts' aftermath banned, including content describing, and images of, the injured and the dead.Atilla Sertel, the chairperson of the Journalists Federation of Turkey, stated that such bans would cause major misinformation and would result in misleading the public.[13] The UN Security Council strongly condemned the Reyhanli bombings, stating, "Any acts of terrorism are criminal and unjustifiable, regardless of their motivation, wherever, whenever and by whomsoever committed.[51] Investigations have revealed that Ankara was the initial target of the recent attacks in Reyhanlı, according to Deputy Prime Minister Beşir Atalay.
Reyhanlı
ReyhanlıHatay ProvinceTurkeyCoordinatesSyrian ResistanceSyrian civil warTimelineBackground and causesCasualtiesCitiesTerrorismMassacresCivil uprising in SyriaBaniyasHoms (May–August 2011)TalkalakhRastan and Talbiseh1st Jisr ash-Shughur1st Jabal al-ZawiyaLatakiaStart of insurgencyHoms (2011–14)1st Homs offensive1st Idlib Gov.Syrian–Turkish borderJabal al-Zawiya1st Idlib CitySaraqib1st RastanHama Gov.Shayrat & Tiyas ambushDaraa Gov.1st Rif Dimashq1st ZabadaniDeir ez-Zor (2011–2014)Aleppo Gov.2nd Rastan1st al-Qusayr2nd Idlib Gov.TaftanazUN ceasefireRebel advances3rd Rastan1st Northern HomsAl-HaffahAl-QubeirAl-Tremseh3rd Idlib Gov.1st DamascusBombing1st Aleppo cityAnadanMenagh Air BaseBase 46Khan al-Assal1st Aleppo offensive2nd Aleppo offensiveSyrian KurdistanKurdish–Islamist conflictHasaka campaignRas al-Aynal-YaarubiyahTell Hamis and Tell BrakTell AbyadNubl & Al-Zahraa2nd Rif Dimashq1st DarayyaAbu al-Duhur AirbaseQuneitra Gov.3rd Rif Dimashq1st Yarmouk camp2nd DarayyaDarayya & Muadamiyat1st Hama offensiveHalfaya1st SafiraShadadeh2nd Damascus1st Raqqa campaign1st Raqqa1st Daraa offensive4th Rif DimashqJdaidet al-FadlTadamonGhouta2nd al-Qusayr3rd al-QusayrEastern Ghouta2nd Hama offensiveBayda and Baniyas1st Latakia offensiveMa'loula5th Rif Dimashq1st QalamounRise of ISISInter-rebel conflictNorthern AleppoMarkada1st Deir ez-Zor offensiveal-Otaiba ambush2nd Daraa offensive2nd Latakia offensive4th Idlib Gov.Al-Malihah2nd Wadi Deif2nd QalamounDeir ez-Zor (2014–2017)1st Shaer gas field1st Eastern SyriaTabqa Airbase3rd Hama offensive6th Rif Dimashq1st Quneitra1st KobanîU.S.-led interventionISIL advancesHoms school bombing3rd Daraa offensive2nd Safira2014 Idlib city raidNusra–FSA conflict2nd Shaer gas field1st Al-Shaykh Maskin2nd Deir ez-Zor offensive3rd Aleppo offensiveAn-26 crash4th Daraa offensiveSouthern SyriaEastern al-Hasakah offensive1st SarrinHama/Homs offensive5th Idlib Gov2nd Idlib cityAl-Fu'ah-Kafriya2nd Yarmouk camp1st Northwestern Syria3rd Qalamoun1st PalmyraWestern al-Hasakah offensive1st Al-Hasakah cityDaraa/As-Suwayda2nd Quneitra2nd Sarrin5th Daraa2nd Al-Hasakah city2nd Kobanî4th Aleppo offensive2nd Zabadani2nd PalmyraAl-Ghab1st al-QaryataynDouma market7th Rif DimashqKuweires offensiveRussian intervention3rd Quneitra2nd Northwestern Syria3rd Latakia offensiveSu-24 shootdown5th Aleppo offensiveal-Hawl2nd Homs offensive6th Aleppo offensive4th Hama offensiveTell TamerTishrin Dam2nd Al-Shaykh Maskinal-Qamishli bombingsOrontes River3rd Deir ez-Zor offensive1st Sayyidah Zaynab7th Aleppo offensive1st Ithriyah-RaqqaAl-ShaddadiHoms bombings2nd Sayyidah ZaynabKhanasir2nd Tel AbyadAl-Tanf2nd Al-Qaryatayn3rd Palmyra2nd Maarat al-Nu'manAleppo escalationEuphrates Shield8th Aleppo offensive6th Daraa9th–11th Aleppo offensivesAl-Dumayr1st East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict1st QamishliAleppo bombings8th Rif Dimashq3rd Shaer gas fieldNorthern RaqqaJableh & TartusManbijTokhar2nd Ithriyah-Raqqa9th Rif Dimashq12th–14th Aleppo offensives4th Latakia offensive1st Abu Kamal3rd Qamishlial-Rai3rd Al-Hasakah CityOperation Euphrates ShieldNorthern al-Babal-Bab5th Hama offensive1st Western al-Bab1st Eastern QalamounSeptember bombings4th QuneitraDeir ez-Zor airstrikeAleppo aid convoy attack15th Aleppo offensiveKhan al-Shih1st Idlib inter-rebel conflict2nd Western al-Bab16th Aleppo offensive2nd Raqqa campaign17th Aleppo offensive4th PalmyraWadi Barada1st Syrian DesertAzaz bombings5th Palmyra4th Deir ez-Zor offensive18th Aleppo offensive2nd Idlib inter-rebel conflict7th DaraaQaboun8th DaraaIslamic StateEastern Homs offensiveal-Jina mosque6th Hama offensiveKhan ShaykhunUS Shayrat strikeAleppo bus bombingApril 2017 Turkish airstrikes2nd East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict2nd Syrian DesertMaskanahEast Hama2nd Raqqa9th DaraaSouthern RaqqaIranian Deir ez-Zor strikeJa'din5th QuneitraCentral Syria3rd Idlib inter-rebel conflict4th QalamounDeir ez-Zor (2017–2019)2nd Eastern SyriaDeir ez-Zor cityEuphrates CrossingMayadin2nd Abu Kamal7th Hama offensiveOperation Olive Branch3rd Northwestern SyriaEastern Syria insurgencyAtaribHarastaBeit Jinn3rd Syrian Desert5th Deir ez-Zor offensive1st Southern DamascusOlive BranchSDF insurgencyKhashamFeb 2018 Israel–Syria incident10th Rif Dimashq4th Idlib inter-rebel conflict2nd Southern DamascusU.S.-led missile strikes2nd Northern Homs2nd Eastern Qalamoun3rd Southern DamascusDeir ez-Zor SAA-SDF clashesHouse of Cards1st As-Suwayda2nd Southern Syria2nd As-Suwayda3rd As-Suwayda2nd QamishliIdlib demilitarization5th Idlib inter-rebel conflict1st Israeli missile strikesNorthern border clashesDaraa insurgencyManbij bombingBaghuz FawqaniU.S. airstrikeFirst Idlib offensiveOperation Peace SpringSecond Idlib offensive4th NorthwesternTell RifaatRaqqa & Azaz2nd Israeli missile strikesPeace Spring2nd Ras al-AynKayla MuellerNorthern bombings3rd Israeli missile strikes5th NorthwesternBalyunSpring Shield2nd U.S. missile strikes10th Daraa6th Idlib inter-rebel conflictAyn IssaQamishli & Al-Hasakah4th Israeli missile strikes11th Daraa7th Idlib inter-rebel conflict1st Aleppo inter-rebel conflictJabal al-Bishrī2nd Aleppo inter-rebel conflictClaw-SwordNorthwestern clashes3rd U.S. missile strikes2nd Northern clashesDeir ez-Zor clashes3rd Northern clashesHoms drone strikeIsrael–Hezbollah conflictIranian consulate airstrikeFebruary 2024 airstrikesAnti-Turkish riotsOpposition offensivesAssad overthrown2nd Aleppo cityHospital strike8th Hama offensive19th Aleppo offensive6th Deir ez-Zor offensive3rd Homs offensive6th Palmyra2nd ManbijAl-Mustariha strike3rd Southern Syria3rd DamascusFall of the Assad regimeTransitional governmentSNA–SDF conflictIsraeli invasion of Syria3rd Kobani20th Aleppo offensiveWestern clashesSyrian War spillover and international incidentsLebanon spilloverLebanese–Syrian borderIranian embassy bombingNorth Lebanon clashesSyrian–Turkish border incidentsTurkish F4 shootdownTurkish occupation of northern SyriaKurdish riotsJordanian–Syrian border incidentsIsraeli–Syrian ceasefire lineFebruary 2018 incidentMay 2018 incidentIraqi–Syrian border incidentsAkashatal-ShabahWestern NinevehWestern Iraq2017 Tehran attacks2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike2024 Iranian airstrikes in SyriaSpillover in TurkeyRussian Su-24 shootdownAndrei KarlovBalyun airstrikesKafr Takharim airstrikesIran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflictSpillover in EuropeForeign involvement in the Syrian civil warRussian involvementIranian intervention2017 missile strike2012 Hezbollah involvementForeign rebel fightersTurkish involvementTurkey–Islamic State conflict2017 airstrikesIdlib Governorate operationAfrin operation2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern SyriaIsrael's roleUS interventionList of attacks2014 rescue operationMay 2015 raid2017 missile strikesQatari involvementJordanian interventionOperation Martyr MuathLebanon's roleSaudi involvementApril 2018 missile strikesDutch involvementGerman interventionFrench interventionAustralian interventionUK interventionTurkey–ISIL conflict2014 Turkish attack2015 Istanbul suicide bombing2015 Diyarbakır rally bombingsSuruç bombingNineveh Plains offensive2015 police raids2015 NATO emergency meetingOperation Martyr Yalçın2015 Ankara bombingsJanuary 2016 Istanbul bombingKilis rocket attacks (2016)March 2016 Istanbul bombingMay 2016 Gaziantep bombingAtatürk Airport attackAugust 2016 Gaziantep bombingNovember 2016 Diyarbakır bombingIstanbul nightclub shootingWestern al-Babcar bombsTurkishgovernment of SyriaAnadoluTurkish intelligenceal-Nusra Front2012 Syrian–Turkish border clashesTurkey-Syria borderBab al-Hawa Border CrossingSyrian refugeesAkçakaleCumhuriyetBülent ArınçOmran al-ZoubiMukhabaratRecep Tayyip ErdoğanNational Intelligence OrganizationAntakyaal-Nusra Front (Jabhat al-Nusra)hackerRedHackGendarmerieJustice and Development Party (AKP)Hüseyin Çelikal-QaedaJabhat al-NusraIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL)Bab al-HawaMihrac UralThe Huffington PostTurkish Intelligence OrganizationGülen movementscapegoatsSyrian conflictTurkish Radio and Television CorporationSadullah ErginMehmet MüezzinoğluKemal KılıçdaroğluCihan News Agencyİhlas News AgencyDoğan News AgencyAtilla SertelAhmet DavutoğluKemal KilicdarogluUN Security CouncilNATO Secretary GeneralAnders Fogh RasmussenForeign SecretaryWilliam HagueFrancis RicciardoneBeşir AtalayList of Islamist terrorist attacks2019 Reyhanlı car bombingSyria–Turkey relationsSyrian–Turkish border incidents during the Syrian civil warTurkish involvement in the Syrian Civil WarYouTubeHürriyet Daily NewsSözcüBBC NewsHurriyet Daily NewsUSA TodayThe National (Abu Dhabi)AkşamOda TVBianetToday's ZamanWayback MachineNames of the Islamic StateMembersList of leadersAbu Hafs al-Hashimi al-QurashiAbu Hudhayfah Al-AnsariAbdul Qadir MuminAbu Fatima al-JaheishiAbu YusafAbu al-Baraa el-AzdiAbu Habib al-LibiAbu Jandal al-MasriZulfi HoxhaBajro IkanovićFaysal Ahmad Ali al-ZahraniFatiha MejjatiAhlam al-NasrIssam AbuanzaMusa BalukuAbu Bakr al-BaghdadiAbu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-QurashiAbu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-QurashiAbu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-QurashiAbu Ahmad al-AlwaniHaji BakrAbu Usamah al-MaghrebiAbu Abdulrahman al-BilawiAbu Muhannad al-SuwaydawiAbdul Rauf AlizaAbu SayyafAli Awni al-HarziTariq al-HarziAbu Khattab al-TunisiMaher MeshaalAbu Muslim al-TurkmaniAbu SalehMohammed EmwaziAbu Nabil al-AnbariAbu Ali al-AnbariAbu WaheebAli Aswad al-JiburiAbu Omar al-ShishaniEl-Hassen Ould Khalill JouleibibAbu Mohammad al-AdnaniAbu Hamza Al-QurashiAbu Muhammad al-FurqanAbu Jandal al-KuwaitiAbu Bilal al-HarbiAhmad AbousamraTurki al-BinaliTareq KamlehLavdrim MuhaxheriAbu Osama al-MasriAbul-Hasan al-MuhajirAbu Muhammad al-ShimaliGulmurod KhalimovAbdul Nasser QardashAbu Yasser al-IssawiAdnan Abu Walid al-SahrawiYusuf al-HindiAbu Omar al-MuhajirOthman al-NazihJamal Udeen Al-HarithAine DavisAlexanda KoteyEl Shafee ElsheikhDenis CuspertAbdelhamid AbaaoudBoubaker El HakimHistoryJama'at al-Tawhid wal-JihadAl-Qaeda in IraqMujahideen Shura CouncilIslamic State of IraqTimeline of eventsKhorasan Province (Afghanistan and Pakistan)Libyan Provinces (Libya)Caucasus Province (North Caucasus, Russia)Sinai Province (Sinai, Egypt)Algeria Province (Algeria)Yemen Province (Yemen)Abnaa ul-Khilafah (Somalia and Somaliland)Bengal Province (Bangladesh)Boko Haram (Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Mali)West Africa Province (Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger)Central Africa Province (DR Congo and Uganda)Sahil Province (Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso)Hind Province (India)Tunisia ProvincePakistan Province (Pakistan)Turkey Province (Turkey)Azerbaijan Province (Azerbaijan)Mozambique Province (Mozambique)Khalid ibn al-Walid Army (Syria)Sheikh Omar Hadid Brigade (Gaza)Abu Sayyaf (Philippines)Ansar Khalifa (Philippines)Ansar al-Khilafah Brazil (Brazil)East Indonesia Mujahideen (Indonesia)Jammu and Kashmir Province (Jammu and Kashmir)Kurdistan Province (Kurdistan)Brussels Islamic State terror cell (Belgium)War on terrorIraq WarInsurgency (2003–2011)Iraqi civil war (2006–2008)Insurgency (2011–2013)War in Iraq (2013–2017)Insurgency (2017–present)SpilloverSpillover in LebanonOpposition–Islamic State conflictSinai insurgencySecond Libyan Civil WarInsurgency in Khyber PakhtunkhwaMozambiqueIslamist insurgency in the SahelMali WarWar in Afghanistan (2001–2021)Conflict with TalibanMoro conflict (1968–2019)al-Qaeda insurgency in YemenYemeni civil war (2014–present)Boko Haram insurgencyMilitary intervention against ISUS intervention in IraqUS intervention in SyriaRussian intervention in SyriaTurkish operationSomaliaBattlesHawijaMenaghSidi Ali Ben AounQalamounAleppoFallujahN AleppoN Iraq (Jun)SalahuddinBaiji (Jun)TikritN Iraq (Aug)KobanîSinjar (Aug)RamadiDeir ez-ZorBaiji (14–15)Sinjar (Dec)AmirliNofaliyaW AfricaEgyptian airstrikes in LibyaNiger raidE al-HasakahHama & Homs (Mar–Apr)Sarrin (Mar–Apr)YarmoukPalmyra (May)W al-HasakahAl-Hasakah citySarrin (Jun–Jul)Al-HasakahKobaniPalmyra (Jul–Aug)Ramadi (15–16)Al-QaryataynHoms (Nov–Dec)SinjarE Aleppo (15–16)Niveneh PlainsDeir ez-Zor (Jan)Fallujah (Feb–May)NangarharBen GuerdaneIthriyah-Raqqa (Feb–Mar)Al-Qaryatayn (Mar–Apr)Palmyra (Mar)N Aleppo (Mar–Jun)Tipo-TipoAr-RutbahN RaqqaFallujah (May–Jun)Ithriyah-Raqqa (Jun)Abu Kamalal-Rai (Aug)N al-Bab (Sep)W al-Bab (Sep)W al-Bab (Oct–Nov)PalmyraMosul (16–17)Raqqa (16–17)Deir ez-Zor (Jan–Feb)E Aleppo (Jan–Apr)E HomsW NinevehSyrian Desert (Dec 16–Apr 17)Syrian Desert (May–Jul)MarawiS RaqqaC SyriaTal AfarDeir ez-Zor (17–19)E Syria (Sep–Dec)NW Syria (Oct 17–Feb 18)W IraqAs-Suwayda (Jun)S SyriaAs-Suwayda (Aug–Nov)Barisha raidChinagodrarMocímboa da PraiaAl BaydaTessitSambisaDangarousAndéramboukaneTalatayeFalagountouAttacksJewish Museum of Belgium shootingCamp Speicher massacreSaint-Jean-sur-Richelieu rammingHypercacher kosher supermarket siegeBeheading of Copts in LibyaCorinthia HotelAl Qubbah bombingsBardo National MuseumSanaa bombings (Mar)Jalalabad bombingCurtis Culwell CenterQatif & Dammam bombings26 JuneKobanî massacreSaint-Quentin-FallavierKuwait mosque bombingSousseKhan Bani Saad bombingBaghdad bombing (Aug)Sanaa bombing (Sep)Ankara bombingsSaihat shootingMetrojet Flight 9268Beirut bombingsParis (Nov)Tunis bombingSan Bernardino attackQamishli bombingsZliten truck bombingHurghadaIstanbul bombing (Jan)JakartaRamadi bombingMahasin mosqueSayyidah Zaynab (Jan)Mosul massacreHoms bombings (Feb)Sayyidah Zaynab bombings (Feb)Baghdad bombings (Feb)Istanbul bombing (Mar)Brussels bombingsAden bombingIskandariya bombingBaghdad bombing (Apr)Samawa bombingGaziantep bombing (May)Baghdad bombings (11 May)Real Madrid fan club massacresBaghdad gas plantYemen police bombings (15 May)Baghdad bombings (17 May)Jableh & Tartous bombings (May)Yemen bombings (23 May)Aktobe shootingsPulse nightclub shootingMagnanville stabbingMukalla (Jun)Movida BarAtatürk AirportDhaka (Jul)Karrada bombingMuhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi MausoleumNice truckWürzburg trainKabul bombing (Jul)Ansbach bombingNormandy churchQamishli bombings (Jul)Charleroi stabbingShchelkovo Highway police stationAden bombing (Aug)Syria bombings (5 Sep)Baghdad bombings (9 Sep)Baghdad bombings (Oct)Quetta police collegeHamam al-Alil massacreKhuzdar bombingSamarinda bombingHillah bombing (Nov)Aden bombings (Dec)Botroseya bombingAl-KarakBerlin truckMurders of Sefter Taş and Fethi ŞahinBaghdad bombings (Dec)Baghdad bombings (2 Jan)Azaz bombing (Jan)Sehwan bombingKabul (Mar)WestminsterSt Petersburg Metro bombingEgypt church bombingsMastung bombingManchester Arena bombingJakarta bombingsAl-Faqma bombingLondon BridgeBrighton siegeTehranPakistan attacks (Jun)Quetta bombing (Aug)BarcelonaBrussels (Aug)NasiriyahAfghanistan (20 Oct)New York City truckSinai mosqueKabul bombing (28 Dec)Saint Menas churchBaghdad bombingsSave The Children JalalabadKizlyar church shootingKabul bombing (Mar)Carcasonne & TrèbesKabul bombing (22 Apr)Kabul bombings (30 Apr)TripoliMako Brimob standoffParis knifeSurabaya bombingsLiègeJalalabad bombing (Jul)Mastung & Bannu bombingsQuetta bombingAs-SuwaydaTajikistan attackKabul (Sep)Ahvaz military paradeMinya busMelbourne stabbingMurders of Louisa Vesterager Jespersen and Maren UelandJolo Cathedral bombingsSri Lanka Easter bombingsSainthamaruthu shootoutKabul bombing (17 Aug)Kabul shooting (6 Mar)Kabul gurdwaraXitaxiAfghanistan (May)Jalalabad prisonJolo bombingsKabul UniversityViennaAfghanistan (Dec)January Baghdad bombingsKabul school bombingKabul airportKunduz bombingKandahar bombingKampala bombingsKabul hospitalDiyala massacrePeshawar mosqueHadera shootingMazar-i-Sharif mosque bombingMazar-i-Sharif minivan bombingsBourasso and NamissiguimaKuje prison break5 August Kabul bombingAugust Kabul mosque bombingBombing of the Russian embassy in KabulShah CheraghKabul hotelKabul airport bombingMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan bombingAl-SukhnahKhar bombingArras school stabbingPul-i-Khumri bombingBrussels shootingKabul bombing (Nov)Mindanao State University bombingKerman bombingsIstanbul church shootingBalochistan bombingsSibi bombingMucojo attackKarabulak clashKandahar New Kabul Bank bombingTillabéri attackCrocus City Hall attack2024 Guzara Attack2024 Bamyan shooting2024 Beirut US embassy shootingRostov-on-Don pre-trial detention center hostage crisis2024 Dagestan attacks2024 attack on the Israeli embassy in Belgrade2024 Muscat mosque shooting2024 Kabul bus bombingSurovikino penal colony hostage crisis2024 Solingen stabbing2024 Qala Bakhtiar bombing2024 Afghanistan bus shooting2025 New Orleans truck attackFinancesEducationIdeologyMedicareMilitaryArmoured warfareHuman rightsGenocide of ChristiansPersecution of ShiasGenocide of YazidisGenocide of TurkmenPersecution of gay and bisexual menKilling of captivesBeheading incidentsDestruction of cultural heritageOccupation of MosulExecutions in MosulIran and the Islamic StatePhilippines and the Islamic StateUnited Kingdom and the Islamic StateTrinidad and Tobago and the Islamic StateForeign fightersName changes due to the Islamic StatePortrayal of the Islamic State in American mediaConnection with Saddam Regime and Baath PartyTerrorist cell in BrusselsTerritorial claimsal-Barakah districtCollaborationA Second Message to AmericaAl-BayanAl-FatihinAl-Furat Media CenterAl-Hayat Media CenterAl-NabaAl-RaudAmaq News AgencyDar al-IslamDawlat al-Islam QamatHuroofI'lam foundationKonstantiniyyeRumiyahSalil al-SawarimThe End of Sykes-PicotTurkey and the Fire of RacismVoice of KhorasanDefeating ISISThe Islamic State (documentary)ISIS-chanIslamismMillenarianismSexual violence in the Iraqi insurgencyShia–Sunni relationsSlavery in 21st-century jihadismTheocracy