Pioneer plaque
The plaques show the nude figures of a human male and female along with several symbols that are designed to provide information about the origin of the spacecraft.The plaques were attached to the spacecraft's antenna support struts in a position that would shield them from erosion by interstellar dust.The original idea, that the Pioneer spacecraft should carry a message from mankind, was first mentioned by Eric Burgess[2] when he visited the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, during the Mariner 9 mission.[5] At the top left of the plaque is a schematic representation of the hyperfine transition of hydrogen, which is the most abundant element in the universe.dates back to a printing error in the original article "A Message from Earth" which is the primary source for many of the copies of the engraving.[8] Originally Sagan intended the humans to be shown holding hands, but soon realized that an extraterrestrial might perceive them as a single creature rather than two organisms.It has been claimed that Sagan, having little time to complete the plaque, suspected that NASA would have rejected a more intricate drawing and therefore made a compromise just to be safe.[9] Sagan said that the decision to not include the vertical line on the woman's genitalia (pudendal cleft) which would be caused by the intersection of the labia majora was due to two reasons.[10] According to the memoirs of Robert S. Kraemer, however, the original design that was presented to NASA headquarters included a line which indicated the woman's vulva,[11] and this line was erased as a condition for approval of the design by John Naugle, former head of NASA's Office of Space Science and the agency's former chief scientist.Fourteen of the lines have corresponding long binary numbers, which stand for the periods of pulsars, using the hydrogen spin-flip transition frequency as the unit.Other large bodies classed as dwarf planets, such as Eris, are not depicted, as they were unknown at the time the plaque was made.[21] In contrast, in another letter to the same newspaper, a person was critical of the prudishness of the people who found depictions of nudity to be obscene.
Pioneer 10anodizedaluminumplaquesPioneer 11spacecraftpictorial messageextraterrestrial lifeobjects to achieve escape velocitySolar Systemantennastrutsinterstellar dustEric BurgessJet Propulsion LaboratoryPasadena, CaliforniaMariner 9Carl SaganCrimeaFrank DrakeLinda Salzman SaganJon LombergSan Carlos, CaliforniaKickstartergold-anodizedengravinghydrogenhyperfine transitionmost abundant elementuniversespin-flip transition of a hydrogen atom's electronfrequencywavelengthbinaryopposable thumbLeonardo da Vincigenitalsmons pubispudendal cleftlabia majoraRobert S. KraemerGalaxypulsarsoriginperiodsgalactic planetriangulatedVoyager Golden RecorddiagramtrajectoryJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunedwarf planetplanetsMercurysilhouetteErnst GombrichCraig Owensepicanthial foldsprudishnessJoe DavisAlien languageArecibo messageCommunication with extraterrestrial intelligenceLunar plaquePioneer programSearch for extraterrestrial intelligenceFletcher, AlanGombrich, E. H.BibcodeSagan, CarlYouTubeShergotty meteoriteNakhla meteoriteMurchison meteoriteViking lander biological experimentsAllan Hills 77005Allan Hills 84001Yamato 000593CI1 fossilsCP 1919CTA-102KIC 8462852EPIC 204278916VVV-WIT-07HD 164595 signalSHGb02+14aWow! signalFast radio burstEarliest known life formsPlanetary habitability in the Solar SystemLife on VenusLife on MarsLife on TitanPlanetaryhabitabilityCatalog of Nearby Habitable SystemsCircumstellar habitable zoneEarth analogExtraterrestrial liquid waterGalactic habitable zoneHabitability of binary star systemsHabitability of natural satellitesHabitability of neutron star systemsHabitability of red dwarf systemsHabitability of K-type main-sequence star systemsHabitability of yellow dwarf systemsHabitability of F-type main-sequence star systemsList of potentially habitable exoplanetsPlanetary habitabilitySuperhabitable planetTholinBeagle 2Biological Oxidant and Life DetectionBioSentinelCuriosity roverDarwinDragonflyEnceladus ExplorerEnceladus Life FinderEuropa ClipperExoMarsRosalind Franklin roverExoLanceEXPOSE