List of third-party and independent performances in United States gubernatorial elections

This is a list of notable performances of third party and independent candidates in United States gubernatorial elections.In the 369 gubernatorial elections since 1990, third party or independent candidates have won at least 5.0% of the vote 53 times (14%), while six candidates have won election (2%).The most recent third party or independent governor to win was Alaska's Bill Walker, a Republican turned independent, in 2014.Listed below are gubernatorial elections since the 1820s in which a third party or independent candidate won at least 5.0% of the vote.Winners are shown in bold.
third partyUnited States gubernatorialFederalist PartyDemocratic-Republican PartyNational Republican PartyDemocratic PartyWhig PartyRepublican PartyBill Walkerin 2014VermontIndependentDudley ChaseNew YorkAnti-MasonicSolomon SouthwickGeorgiaDemocratic-TroupGeorge Rockingham GilmerDemocratic-ClarkJoel CrawfordPennsylvaniaJoseph RitnerHeman Allen (of Milton)William A. PalmerConnecticutWilson LumpkinIndianaSamuel LathropMassachusettsRhode Island(General)William Sprague IIIRhode Island(1st Runoff)Rhode Island(2nd Runoff)Rhode Island(3rd Runoff)Rhode Island(4th Runoff)Independent DemocratSamuel E. SmithJohn Quincy AdamsJohn BaileyWilliam SchleyState RightsCharles DoughertyGeorge WolfTennesseeNewton CannonMissouriWilliam Henry AshleyNew HampshireGeorge SullivanAlabamaAnti-Van Buren DemocratMississippiCharles James McDonaldRhode IslandTristam BurgesIndependent WhigLibertyTitus HutchinsonJames AppletonCalhoun DemocratEdward KavanaghMichiganJames G. BirneyLaw and OrderJames FennerCharles K. WilliamsArkansasRichard C. ByrdJoshua L. MartinSamuel FessendenAmericanHenry ShawCharles JacksonIllinoisFree SoilNathaniel S. BerryByron DimanLawrence BrainerdStephen C. PhillipsJohn Adams DixJohn Milton NilesHoratio NeedhamWisconsinWarren ChaseLucius Benedict PeckHowell CobbSouthern RightsJohn G. PalfreyHenry S. FooteJefferson DavisSamuel LewisTimothy P. RedfieldHorace MannIsaac P. ChristiancyFrancis GilletteHerschel Vespasian JohnsonCharles J. JenkinsAnson MorrillHenry WilsonTemperanceCharles ChapmanDelawarePeter F. CauseyHenry GardnerJared PerkinsDaniel UllmanHard-ShellGreene C. BronsonCaliforniaJ. Neely JohnsonWilliam T. MinorKentuckyCharles S. MoreheadLouisianaRalph MetcalfAllen TrimbleVirginiaThomas FlournoyFloridaDavid S. WalkerBuckner Stith MorrisOliver P. MortonBenton DemocratThomas Hart BentonErastus BrooksNorth CarolinaJohn Adams GilmerGeorge Washington BowieBenjamin Harvey HillMarylandThomas Holliday HicksJames S. RollinsRobert H. HattonSam HoustonAmos Adams LawrenceLorenzo BurrowsDuncan K. McRaeSouthern Rights DemocraticLecompton DemocratMilton LathamJoshua Fry BellGeorge N. BriggsConstitutional UnionWilliam L. GogginHenry Massey RectorBreckinridge DemocratHancock Lee JacksonJohn R. McConnellOpposition DemocratJohn W. DanaUnion People'sAndrew TracyCharles DevensWalter HarrimanRadical RepublicanBenjamin FlandersIndependent RepublicanRobert M. PattonWilliam Russell SmithHenry Watkins AllenJonathan WorthSouth CarolinaJames Lawrence OrrWade Hampton IIIEmerson EtheridgeWhite RepublicanJames G. TaliaferroThomas Samuel AsheLabor ReformWilliam Brickly StokesConservativeGilbert Carlton WalkerHenry H. WellsWendell PhillipsLiberal RepublicanBenjamin Gratz BrownJoseph BrooksWilliam D. BloxhamJames Milton SmithGustav KoernerKansasAustin BlairAugustus Summerfield MerrimonJohn C. BrownWest VirginiaPeople's IndependentJohn J. JacobAnti-MonopolyJames L. AlcornNebraskaGreenback PartyOregonJohn BidwellShepherd LefflerNational RepublicanDaniel P. StubbsProhibitionEdward P. AllisColoradoWorkingmen'sWilliam F. WhiteJeffersonianJohn KellyThomas M. NorwoodFusionHarris M. PlaistedWilliam B. BateDavid M. ClarkReadjusterWilliam E. CameronRufus King Garland Jr.Lucius Jeremiah GartrellCharles L. RobinsonBenjamin ButlerJosiah BegoleGeorge Wallace JonesJames B. WeaverDavid PrestonGeorge Washington JonesAgricultural WheelCharles E. CunninghamJohn H. HoffeckerGeorge L. YapleNew JerseyClinton B. FiskPeople'sUnion LaborWellington R. BurtMinnesotaHugh G. HarrisonAzariah S. PartridgeAllianceNorth DakotaSouth DakotaR. F. KolbJ. P. CarnahanDavis Hanson WaiteLorenzo D. LewellingAnti-Lottery DemocratMurphy J. FosterIgnatius L. DonnellyCharles Van WyckMontanaEli C. D. ShortridgeJohn P. BuchananWashingtonHenry B. MetcalfEdmund R. CockeSilas A. HolcombNevadaSilverJohn Edward JonesWyomingJacob S. Coxey Sr.Albert Taylor GoodwynAbner W. FilesFrank SteunenbergJohn W. LeedyDemocratic People's Union SilverDemocratic People'sJohn LindRobert Burns SmithLily-White RepublicanAndrew E. LeeJohn Rankin RogersNational DemocraticWilliam EverettCharles S. ThomasJustin Rice WhitingWilliam A. PoynterReinhold SadlerSilas C. SwallowSocialist LaborSamuel M. JonesDonelson CafferyIndependent DemocraticThomas S. HoganSocialistJohn C. ChaseWilliam Henry ThompsonSilver-DemocraticJohn SparksPercival W. ClementWilliam Montague FerrySocial-DemocraticIndependence LeagueBen LindseyBill HaywoodAshton C. ShallenbergerThomas L. HisgenA. J. PettigrewErnest UntermannJackson Stitt WilsonOklahomaKeystoneWilliam H. BerryReddin AndrewsArizonaProgressiveEdward P. CostiganGeorge Beswick HynsonFrank H. FunkAlbert J. BeveridgePublic OwnershipAlbert D. NortoniWinston ChurchillOscar StrausArthur Lovett GarfordCharles Emil RuthenbergAlbert H. HumesAnna A. MaleyCarl D. ThompsonEverett ColbyGeorge U. YoungHiram JohnsonHenry Justin AllenHenry R. PattengillWillis G. CalderwoodWilliam SulzerJames Rudolph GarfieldJohn J. BlaineOscar AmeringerSidney Johnston CattsJohn M. ParkerClay FulksTheodore Arlington BellFarmer–LaborJoseph CannonEmil SeidelHenrik ShipsteadNonpartisan LeagueH. F. SamuelsMagnus JohnsonWilliam LemkeAlice Lorraine DalyWilliam Allen WhiteFloyd B. OlsonWilliam F. QuickErnest LundeenHugh A. LockeJohn R. BrinkleyLaw PreservationJulius MeierFrank MetcalfeRaymond L. HaightJasper McLevyFrank A. GoodwinPhilip La FolletteElmer Austin BensonWilliam LangerCharles W. BryanHjalmar PetersenOrland Steen LoomisAmerican LaborDean AlfangeAlvin C. StrutzJohn Randolph Neal Jr.W. Lee O'DanielJ. Bracken LeeD. A. "Jelly" BryceJim Nance McCordHerschel LashkowitzWilliam AndersonEllis ArnallHyman A. PressmanPaul AdamsLiberalFranklin Delano Roosevelt Jr.John L. Cashin Jr.Meldrim Thomson Jr.Charles EversRaza UnidaRamsey MuñizTaxpayersHenry HowellJames B. LongleyErnie ChambersIndependent AmericanLiberty UnionBernie SandersAlaskaWally HickelEd ClarkLibertarianDick RandolphSam SteigerHawaiiFrank FasiAlaskan IndependenceJoe VoglerSolidarityAdlai Stevenson IIISherry HuberJohn MenarioMerrill CookJack CoghillA Connecticut PartyLowell WeickerEunice GroarkHerbert LondonCharlotte PrittDanny KaleikiniAngus KingJonathan CarterNew MexicoRoberto MondragónSteven SchmidtWes WatkinsConstitutionRobert J. HealeyRobin L. TaylorRepublican ModerateRay MetcalfePat LaMarcheReformJesse VenturaMae SchunkIndependenceTom GolisanoLaureen OliverGatewood GalbraithVermont ProgressiveAnthony PollinaRichard D. MahoneyPeter CamejoTim PennyMary DonohueGary RichardsonEd ThompsonMartin ReynoldsAndrew HalcroBarbara MerrillChristy MihosPeter HutchinsonMaureen ReedCarole Keeton StrayhornKinky FriedmanJohn GeorgesChris DaggettFrank J. EspositoTom TancredoEliot CutlerShawn MoodyTim CahillPaul LoscoccoLincoln ChafeeModerateKen BlockRobert SarvisByron MallottMufi HannemannMountainGreg OrmanJohn DollTerry HayesDavid ZuckermanAmmon BundyBetsy JohnsonPhil LymanAddicksNational Prohibition Partythe Socialist PartyFarmer–Labor PartyProhibition PartyLibertarian PartyNotable third-party performances in United States electionsPresidential1788–89California 1940Minnesota 1940North Dakota 1940Wisconsin 1940Minnesota 1942Nebraska 1942Virginia 1942North Dakota 1944Wisconsin 1944California 1946 (Republican write-in)North Dakota 1946Tennessee 1946Arkansas 1948Alabama 1950New Hampshire 1950California 1952Maine 1952New York 1952North Dakota 1952Virginia 1952South Carolina 1954 (Democratic write-in)Virginia 1954Utah 1958Virginia 1958Virginia 1960Virginia 1964Mississippi 1966Virginia 1966Alabama 1968Alaska 1968Maryland 1968New York 1968Connecticut 1970Mississippi 1970New York 1970Virginia 1970Louisiana 1972Florida 1974Hawaii 1974Nevada 1974New York 1974Utah 1974Minnesota 1976Virginia 1976Alabama 1978Arkansas 1978Maine 1978Mississippi 1978New York 1980Washington 1982Tennessee 1984Virginia 1990Alaska 1992Arizona 1992Hawaii 1992Louisiana 1992Ohio 1992Arizona 1994Minnesota 1994Ohio 1994Vermont 1994Virginia 1994Alaska 1996Minnesota 1996Arizona 2000Massachusetts 2000Minnesota 2000Alaska 2002Kansas 2002Massachusetts 2002Mississippi 2002Oklahoma 2002Virginia 2002Oklahoma 2004Connecticut 2006Indiana 2006Maine 2006Vermont 2006Arkansas 2008Idaho 2008Minnesota 2008Oregon 2008Alaska 2010 (Republican write-in)Florida 2010Indiana 2010South Carolina 2010Utah 2010Indiana 2012Maine 2012Maryland 2012Missouri 2012Montana 2012Vermont 2012Kansas 2014South Dakota 2014Wyoming 2014Alaska 2016Arizona 2016Idaho 2016Indiana 2016Kansas 2016Maine 2018New Mexico 2018Vermont 2018Alaska 2020Arkansas 2020Minnesota 2020Nebraska 2020Idaho 2022North Dakota 2022Utah 2022Maine 2024Nebraska 2024Utah 2024Vermont 2024GubernatorialConnecticut 1942New York 1942Wisconsin 1942California 1946Tennessee 1950Vermont 1952Tennessee 1954Nebraska 1956Texas 1956Utah 1956Oklahoma 1958Tennessee 1958North Dakota 1960Tennessee 1962Virginia 1965Alabama 1966Georgia 1966Idaho 1966Maryland 1966New York 1966Tennessee 1966Alabama 1970Arkansas 1970New Hampshire 1970Mississippi 1971New Hampshire 1972Texas 1972Washington 1972Virginia 1973Maine 1974Nebraska 1974Texas 1974Vermont 1974Vermont 1976Alaska 1978California 1978Rhode Island 1978Alaska 1982Arizona 1982Hawaii 1982Alaska 1986Arizona 1986Illinois 1986Maine 1986Oklahoma 1986Vermont 1986Utah 1988Alaska 1990Connecticut 1990Kansas 1990Maine 1990New York 1990Oklahoma 1990Oregon 1990Utah 1992West Virginia 1992Alaska 1994Connecticut 1994Hawaii 1994Maine 1994New Mexico 1994Oklahoma 1994Pennsylvania 1994Rhode Island 1994Alaska 1998Maine 1998Minnesota 1998New York 1998Pennsylvania 1998Rhode Island 1998Kentucky 1999New Hampshire 2000Vermont 2000Arizona 2002California 2002Maine 2002Minnesota 2002New Mexico 2002New York 2002Vermont 2002Wisconsin 2002Alaska 2006Illinois 2006Massachusetts 2006Minnesota 2006Texas 2006Louisiana 2007Vermont 2008New Jersey 2009Colorado 2010Idaho 2010Maine 2010Massachusetts 2010Minnesota 2010Rhode Island 2010Wyoming 2010Kentucky 2011Virginia 2013Alaska 2014Hawaii 2014Maine 2014Rhode Island 2014Kansas 2018Indiana 2020Vermont 2020Alaska 2022Oregon 2022North Dakota 2024Utah 2024 (Republican write-in)U.S. Virgin Islands 1970Puerto Rico 1972District of Columbia 1974U.S. Virgin Islands 1974U.S. Virgin Islands 1978Puerto Rico 1980U.S. Virgin Islands 1986Puerto Rico 1988U.S. Virgin Islands 1990U.S. Virgin Islands 1994U.S. Virgin Islands 1998Puerto Rico 2000Northern Mariana Islands 2001U.S. Virgin Islands 2002Northern Mariana Islands 2005U.S. Virgin Islands 2006Northern Mariana Islands 2009District of Columbia 2010U.S. Virgin Islands 2010District of Columbia 2014Northern Mariana Islands 2014U.S. Virgin Islands 2014Puerto Rico 2016District of Columbia 2018Guam 2018Northern Mariana Islands 2018U.S. Virgin Islands 2018Puerto Rico 2020District of Columbia 2022Northern Mariana Islands 2022U.S. Virgin Islands 2022Puerto Rico 2024State legislativeThird party (U.S. politics)List of third-party and independent performances in United States electionsThird-party and independent members of the United States CongressUnited States third-partyGovernorsState legislaturesElection performancesPresidentGovernorState legislaturePresidential tickets