Autoantibody

Antibodies are produced by B cells in two ways: (i) randomly, and (ii) in response to a foreign protein or substance within the body.Normally, the immune system is able to recognize and ignore the body's own healthy proteins, cells, and tissues, and to not overreact to non-threatening substances in the environment, such as foods.Sometimes, the immune system ceases to recognize one or more of the body's normal constituents as "self", leading to production of pathological autoantibodies.It is thought that some autoantibody production is due to a genetic predisposition combined with an environmental trigger, such as a viral illness or a prolonged exposure to certain toxic chemicals.[1][2] The type of autoimmune disorder or disease that occurs and the amount of destruction done to the body depends on which systems or organs are targeted by the autoantibodies, and how strongly.As a rule, information is required from multiple sources, rather than a single laboratory test to accurately diagnose disorders associated with systemic autoantibodies.
antibodyproteinimmune systemautoimmune diseaseslupus erythematosusB cellsclonal deletionSystemic autoimmune diseasesGraves' diseaseHashimoto's thyroiditisarthritisvasculitisanemiaantinuclear antibodyinflammationrheumatoid factorerythrocyte sedimentation ratec-reactive proteinsystemic lupus erythematosusmixed connective tissue diseaseribonucleic proteinanti-double stranded DNAcomplete blood countcomprehensive metabolic panelAntinuclear antibodiesAnti-SSA/Ro autoantibodiesribonucleoproteinsSjögren syndromeAnti-centromere antibodiescentromereCREST syndromeAnti-dsDNAAnti-Jo1inflammatory myopathyAnti-SmithAnti-topoisomerase antibodiesType I topoisomerasesystemic sclerosisAnti-histone antibodieshistonesdrug-induced LEAnti-p62 antibodiesnucleoporin 62primary biliary cirrhosisAnti-sp100 antibodiesSp100 nuclear antigenAnti-glycoprotein-210 antibodiesnucleoporin 210kDaAnti-transglutaminase antibodiesceliac diseasedermatitis herpetiformisAnti-ganglioside antibodiesgangliosideMiller Fisher syndromeacute motor axonal neuropathyAnti-actin antibodiesCoeliac diseaseautoimmune hepatitisgastric canceranti-CCPcyclic citrullinated peptiderheumatoid arthritisLiver kidney microsomal type 1 antibodyLupus anticoagulantAnti-thrombin antibodiesthrombinphospholipidantiphospholipid syndromeAnti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodyc-ANCAneutrophilcytoplasmgranulomatosis with polyangiitisp-ANCAmicroscopic polyangiitiseosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitisAnti-smooth muscle antibodysmooth muscleAnti-mitochondrial antibodymitochondriaAnti-SRPsignal recognition particledermatomyositisexosome complexscleromyositisnicotinic acetylcholine receptormyasthenia gravisMuscle-specific kinasevoltage-gated calcium channelLambert–Eaton myasthenic syndromevinculinsmall intestinal bacterial overgrowthAnti-thyroid autoantibodiesThyroid peroxidaseThyroglobulinTSH receptorparaneoplastic cerebellar degenerationlimbic encephalitisencephalomyelitisPurkinje cellsopsoclonus myoclonus syndromeglutamate receptorparaneoplastic cerebellar syndromeamphiphysinstiff person syndromeGlutamate decarboxylasediabetes mellitus type 1voltage-gated potassium channelneuromyotoniaCollapsin response mediator protein 5optic neuropathychoreabasal gangliaSydenham's choreaPANDASAnti-NMDArN-methyl-D-aspartate receptoranti-NMDA receptor encephalitisaquaporinneuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome)Desmoglein 3Pemphigus vulgarisBullous pemphigoidGoodpasture syndromePernicious anemiaMembranous nephropathyAnti-glutamate receptor antibodiesParaneoplastic syndromeMedical Subject HeadingsLymphocyticadaptive immune systemcomplementAntigenSuperantigenAllergenAntigenic variationHaptenEpitopeLinearConformationalMimotopeAntigen presentationprofessional APCsDendritic cellMacrophageB cellImmunogenMonoclonal antibodiesPolyclonal antibodiesMicroantibodyPolyclonal B cell responseAllotypeIsotypeIdiotypeImmune complexParatopeImmunityAutoimmunityAlloimmunityAllergyHypersensitivityCross-reactivityCo-stimulationToleranceCentralPeripheralClonal anergyTolerance in pregnancyImmunodeficiencyImmune privilegeImmunogeneticsAffinity maturationSomatic hypermutationClonal selectionV(D)J recombinationJunctional diversityImmunoglobulin class switchingLymphocytesCellularT cellHumoralNK cellCytokinesOpsoninCytolysinAnti-nuclear antibodyAnti-gp210Anti-p62Anti-sp100Anti-topoisomerase/Scl-70Anti-SmAnti-nRNPAnti-RoAnti-LaAnti-centromereAnti-histoneAnti-cardiolipinAnti-neutrophil cytoplasmicAnti-smooth muscleAnti-actinAnti-TPO/AntimicrosomalAnti-gangliosideAnti-GBMAnti-glutamateAnti-thrombinAnti-transglutaminaseAnti-gliadinAnti-citrullinated peptideAnti-phospholipidAnti-apolipoprotein