CREST syndrome

The acronym "CREST" refers to the five main features: calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia.[2] CREST syndrome is associated with detectable antibodies against centromeres (a component of the cell nucleus), and usually spares the kidneys (a feature more common in the related condition systemic scleroderma).Stress and cold temperature induce an exaggerated vasoconstriction of the small arteries, arterioles, and thermoregulatory vessels of the skin of the digits.[3] Other symptoms of CREST syndrome can be exhaustion, weakness, difficulties with breathing, pain in hands and feet, dizziness and badly healing wounds.[6] Disease progression may be slowed with immunosuppressives and other medications, and esophageal reflux, pulmonary hypertension and Raynaud phenomenon may benefit from symptomatic treatment.
CREST syndrome (calcinosis and sclerodactyly)
X-rays showing calcinosis in a woman with CREST syndrome
X-ray of subtle calcifications in CREST syndrome
Main antinuclear antibody patterns on immunofluorescence . [ 4 ] CREST syndrome typically displays the centromere pattern.
SpecialtyRheumatologysystemic sclerosisconnective tissue disordercalcinosisRaynaud's phenomenonesophageal dysmotilitysclerodactylytelangiectasiacentromerescell nucleussystemic sclerodermapulmonary arterial hypertensionX-raysdysphagiatelangiectasiascor pulmonaleheart failureanti-nuclearanti-centromere antibodiesimmunofluorescenceimmunosuppressivespulmonary hypertensionprimary biliary cholangitisJohns Hopkins School of MedicineSclerodermaDiseasesDBconnective tissue disordersSystemic lupus erythematosusDrug-induced SLELibman–Sacks endocarditisLupus nephritisInflammatory myopathyMyositisDermatopolymyositisDermatomyositisJuvenile dermatomyositisPolymyositisInclusion body myositisProgressive systemic sclerosisOverlap syndromeMixed connective tissue diseasehypersensitivityautoimmuneSjögren syndromeIgG4-related diseaseBehçet's diseasePolymyalgia rheumaticaEosinophilic fasciitisEosinophilia–myalgia syndromeEhlers–Danlos syndromefibrillinMarfan syndromeCongenital contractural arachnodactyly