Volkswagen Golf
[9] September 1983 saw the introduction of the second-generation Golf (Mk2) which grew slightly in terms of wheelbase, and exterior, and interior dimensions, while retaining, in a more rounded form, the Mk1's overall look.The third-generation Golf (Mk3) made its home-market debut in August 1991 and again grew slightly in comparison with its immediate predecessor, while its wheelbase remained unchanged.It was European Car of the Year for 1992, ahead of the new Citroën ZX and General Motors' new Opel Astra model.The Mk3 continued to be sold until 1999 in the United States, Canada, and parts of South America, also in Mexico as a special edition called "Mi" (basically a Golf CL 4-door with added air conditioning, special interior, original equipment (OEM) black-tinted rear brake lights, and anti-lock brakes (ABS), but without a factory-fitted radio).They received a significant refresh for the 2008 model year, including revised headlamps, taillamps, front and rear fascias, sound systems, and wheels.Both models were offered only with the 2.0-litre, 8-valve single overhead cam (SOHC) four-cylinder gasoline engine, rated at 86 kW (115 hp; 117 PS).An R32 version features the 3.2-litre VR6 engine, increasing power output to 184 kW (247 hp; 250 PS) and including the Haldex Traction-based 4motion part-time four-wheel drive system.The saloon/sedan version, again widely marketed by Volkswagen as the Jetta, is assembled in Germany, South Africa, as well as Mexico.It was praised for its driving position, instruments, and engine; and was criticized for road noise, seating, and poor fuel economy.New on the Golf is the optional Volkswagen Adaptive Chassis Control (not available in the North American market), which allows the driver to select between 'normal', 'comfort', and 'sports' modes, which will vary the suspension, steering, and accelerator behavior accordingly.[19] The Golf VII, Typ 5G[20] used the new MQB platform, shared with the third-generation Audi A3, SEAT León and Škoda Octavia.The most powerful Golf in the range was the Golf R. Built as a 3 or 5 door hatchback, it was powered by a newly developed version of the 1,984 cc (2.0 L; 121.1 cu in) turbocharged EA888 petrol FSI straight-four engine used in the latest Golf GTI (and Audi S3), but in this application producing 300 PS (296 bhp; 221 kW) (206 kW (280 PS; 276 bhp) for "hot climate" markets such as Australia, Japan, USA) from 5,500 to 6,200 rpm and 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) from 1,800 to 5,500 rpm of torque.Only 3,000 were produced for the US market: 1000 in Cornflower Blue, 1000 in Urano Gray, 500 in Black, and 500 in White, all split evenly between DSG automatic and 6-speed manual transmissions.The Canadian variant came with all the Rabbit specific cosmetic upgrades, but also included all the same features as the top level Autobahn package with the exception of the sunroof, satnav and leather seats.It rides on an updated version of the MQB platform, with engine options consisting of compact petrol, diesel, and hybrid powertrains.All Mk8s have advanced safety features available such as travel assist, Car2X, and an oncoming vehicle while braking function, the latter two of which are the first to be used on a production Volkswagen model.TDI models utilize a new twin dosing SCR system featuring dual AdBlue selective catalytic reduction, which lowers nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx) up to 80% compared to the Mk7.[citation needed] VW continued with the production of limited numbers of CityStromer electric cars with the introduction of the Golf Mk3.Ten vehicles are equipped with batteries from the American-German manufacturer GAIA with cathode type nickel cobalt aluminium dioxide (NCA).The other ten is powered by lithium-ion batteries with nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) cathodes from the Korean-German joint venture SB LiMotive (Samsung and Bosch).When operated in pure electric mode, the Golf Variant twinDRIVE can reach a top speed of 120 km/h (75 mph).[28] The production version was expected to be based on Mk6 Golf featuring a 1.5 L turbodiesel engine and electric motor, with estimated arrival date of 2015.[35] The Golf blue-emotion concept has a 26.5 kWh lithium-ion battery pack and is powered by an 85 kW electric motor which drives the front wheels through a single-speed transmission.With a new 35.8 kWh lithium-ion battery, the upgraded car is said to achieve an EPA-estimated range of 144 to 201 km (89 to 125 mi), and have a combined 119 MPGe.The Golf GTE shares the basic powertrain hardware with the Audi A3 Sportback e-tron but the software controls are different.[52] The Golf GTE, with 1,695 units sold, was the best-selling plug-in hybrid in France in 2015, representing 30.3% of the segment sales.[53] With 17,300 units sold in Europe in 2015, the Golf GTE ranked as the second top selling plug-in hybrid after the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV (31,214).[55] In auto racing, APR Motorsport has led two MKV VW GTIs to victory in the Grand-Am KONI Sports Car Challenge Street Tuner (ST) class.The Golf GTI competed in the British GT Championship in 2003 with Steve Wood and Stuart Scott at the wheel.
Volkswagen GolVolkswagenCompact carsmall family carVolkswagen BeetleVolkswagen ID.3C-segmentnameplatesfront-wheel driveair-cooledworld's top three best-selling modelshatchbacksestateconvertiblesaloonWorld Car of the YearRenault ClioCar and Driver 10BestMotor Trend Car of the YearVolkswagen Golf Mk1notchbackVolkswagen CaddyCiti GolfVolkswagen Golf Mk2Volkswagen Golf Mk3Turbocharged Direct Injectiondiesel engineVR6 engineCabrioletEuropean Car of the YearOpel AstraVolkswagen Golf Mk4four-wheel-drive4MotionSyncrofour-cylinderautomatic transmissionVolkswagen Golf Mk5Haldex Tractionfour-wheel driveturbochargedCar and DriverVolkswagen Golf Mk62008 Paris Motor ShowWalter de'Silvadiesel enginescommon railUnit Injectormanual transmissionDual ClutchVolkswagen Golf Mk7Paris Motor ShowMQB platformAudi A3SEAT LeónŠkoda OctaviaNürburgringcompressed natural gasplug-in hybridR-Linepetrol FSIstraight-four engineVolkswagen Golf Mk8WolfsburgElectric vehicleplug-in electric vehicleGolf Mk2lead–acid batterySiemensGreat Britainplug-in hybrid electric vehicleall-electric rangeinternal combustion enginelithium-ion batterycathodeSamsunggasoline engineBerlinHannoverBelmont, CaliforniaPaddle shiftersVolkswagen e-GolfFrankfurt Motor ShowNEDC cyclemiles per gallon gasoline equivalentNorwayVolkswagen Passat GTEAudi A3 Sportback e-tronGeneva Motor Showelectric motorall-electric modeNew European Driving CycleMitsubishi Outlander P-HEVJATO Dynamicsauto racingAPR MotorsportKONI Sports Car ChallengeVolkswagen MotorsportVolkswagen emissions scandalvehicle emissions controlnitrogen oxideKelley Blue Bookclean dieselTop GearCar of the Year JapanSouth African Car of the YearThe Wall Street JournalThe New York TimesAutoblogGreenAutoblog.comU. S. Environmental Protection AgencyU.S. Department of Energyelectrek.coBMW i3 RExAutomotive News Europepassenger carsmarqueVolkswagen GroupArteon/CCJetta/Sagitar/VentoLamandoLavidaPassat/MagotanVirtus / Polo Sedan / Lavida XRAtlas/TeramontT-Cross / Tacqua / Tharu XR