This type of fabric is characterized by a pile—a looped or tufted surface that extends above the initial foundation, or 'ground' weave.[1] Pile weaves include velvet and corduroy fabrics and machine-woven Berber carpets.The warp ends that are used for the formation of the pile are woven over metal rods or wires that are inserted in the shed (gap caused by raising alternate threads) during weaving.In both methods, the pile yarns lie in loops over the inserted rods and when a rod is extracted, the pile yarns remain as loops on top of the base fabric.A short piece of yarn is tied by hand around two neighboring warp strands creating a knot on the surface of the rug.
One method of making a weft pile on a hand loom.
Face-to-face method of weaving. A knife cuts through the middle during weaving to produce two layers of velvet cloth.