p-Xylene
The p- stands for para-, indicating that the two methyl groups in p-xylene occupy the diametrically opposite substituent positions 1 and 4.Its melting point is the highest among this series of isomers, but simple crystallization does not allow easy purification due to the formation of eutectic mixtures.Such separation procedures are major cost factors in the production of p-xylene, and the search for alternative methods continues.Overexposure of p-xylene in humans can cause headache, fatigue, dizziness, listlessness, confusion, irritability, gastrointestinal disturbances including nausea and loss of appetite, flushing of the face, and a feeling of increased body heat.If skin exposure occurs, first aid includes rinsing and then washing the affected area with soap and water as well as removing any contaminated clothing and thoroughly cleaning and drying before reuse.[17] Ingestion of p-xylene can result in a burning sensation, abdominal pain, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, and nausea.
Skeletal formulaPreferred IUPAC nameCAS NumberBeilstein ReferenceChEMBLChemSpiderECHA InfoCardEC NumberGmelin ReferencePubChemRTECS numberCompTox DashboardSMILESChemical formulaMolar massDensityMelting pointBoiling pointSolubility in waterSolubilityethanoldiethyl etherVapor pressureMagnetic susceptibilityRefractive indexViscosityOccupational safety and healthGHS labellingPictogramsHazard statementsPrecautionary statementsNFPA 704Flash pointAutoignitiontemperatureExplosive limitsThreshold limit valueSafety data sheetaromatichydrocarbonsbenzenetolueneo-xylenem-xyleneP-Xylene (data page)standard statearomatic hydrocarbonisomersdimethylbenzenexylenesarene substitution patternparts per millioncatalytic reformingnaphthaethylbenzeneeutecticfeedstockpolymersterephthalic acidpolyesterspolyethylene terephthalateparylenetobacco smokecentral nervous systemThe Royal Society of ChemistryNational Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthBibcodeU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyHydrocarbonsAlkanesMethaneEthanePropaneButanePentaneHexaneHeptaneOctaneNonaneDecaneIsobutaneIsopentane3-MethylpentaneNeopentaneIsohexaneIsoheptaneIsooctaneIsononaneCycloalkanesCyclopropaneCyclobutaneCyclopentaneCyclohexaneCycloheptaneCyclooctaneCyclononaneCyclodecaneMethylcyclopropaneMethylcyclopentaneMethylcyclohexaneHousaneNorbornaneDecalinAdamantaneDiamondoidSteraneCubanePrismaneDodecahedraneBasketaneChurchanePagodaneTwistaneUnsaturatedAlkenesEthenePropeneButenePenteneHexeneHepteneOcteneNoneneDeceneIsobuteneIsopenteneAlkynesEthyne