Portuguese-speaking world
[22] The ancestor of modern Portuguese, Galician–Portuguese,[clarification needed] began developing in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula, in an area encompassing present-day northern Portugal and Galicia, at around the 9th century.In Luxembourg, 19% of the population speaks Portuguese as mother tongue, making it the largest minority language by percentage in a Western European country.In 2007, President Teodoro Obiang Nguema announced a decision to make Portuguese the third official language of the country after Spanish and French.Portuguese is the sole official language of Mozambique and serves as a lingua franca between the various ethnic groups in the country.Large Portuguese-speaking communities are found in Namibia, South Africa, and Zambia due to immigration from the Lusophone African countries.[33] There are over 500,000 people of Portuguese descent living in Canada; however, most of the community's population now speaks English or French as their primary language.[clarification needed] Migration from Brazil also led to a great number of Portuguese speakers in the Southern Cone (especially Uruguay with portunhol da pampa), Paraguay (see brasiguayos), other regions of South America (especially Bolivia) except Venezuela, Japan (see Brazilians in Japan 400,000 and dekasegi, official numbers do not include second generation Portuguese speakers and naturalized citizens), South Korea, the Philippines (see Brazilians in the Philippines), and Israel (see Aliyah from Latin America in the 2000s).Given the proximity and trading relations between Portuguese speaking Brazil, and its respective Spanish speaking nations, Portuguese is offered as a foreign (sometimes obligatory) language course at most schools in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela, and has become the second-most-studied foreign language (after English) in these countries.[41] Given the similarities between Spanish and Portuguese, a colloquial mix of both, unofficially called "Portuñol" or "Portunhol", is spoken by large number of people travelling between Brazil and its Spanish-speaking neighbours.Meanwhile, on the Indonesian side, it is rare to hear a Portuguese speaker because it lost in competition with the local language after becoming a Dutch colony in 18th century.Due to the one country, two systems policy of China regarding its special administrative regions, Macau is able to retain Portuguese as an official language alongside Cantonese.There has been an increase in the teaching of Portuguese owing to the growing trade links between China and lusophone nations such as Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, and East Timor, with 5,000 students learning the language.[citation needed] In Malacca, Malaysia and Singapore (and a diaspora community in Perth, Australia) a Portuguese creole known as Papiá Kristang or Cristão is still spoken by some of the Eurasian population.
Native language
Official and administrative language
Cultural or secondary language
LusophobePortuguese languagemost widely spoken languages in the worldnative speakerssecond languageCountryterritoryAngolaAustraliaBelgiumBrazilCanadaCape VerdeFranceGermanyIrelandLuxembourgMexicoMozambiqueNetherlandsPortugalSão Tomé and PrincipeSwitzerlandUnited KingdomUnited StatesContinentAfricaAngolan PortugueseCape Verdean PortugueseEquatorial GuineaFrenchSpanishGuinea-BissauGuinean PortugueseMozambican PortugueseNamibiaSão Tomé and PríncipeSão Tomean PortugueseSouth AfricaTimor-LesteEast Timorese PortugueseGoan PortugueseBrazilians in JapanChineseMacaneseMalaysiaMalaccaKristang languageEuropeAndorraEuropean PortugueseOlivenzaGalicianGaliciaNorth AmericaOceaniaSouth AmericaArgentinaBrazilian PortugueseParaguayUruguayUruguayan PortugueseVenezuelaperiod of Portuguese discoverieslarge colonial empireEast TimorFar EastPortuguese-based creole languagesBraziliansCape VerdeansPortugueseGalician–PortugueseIberian PeninsulaGalician languageXunta de GaliciaEuroregion between Galicia and North PortugalWestern EuropeanPortuguese-speaking African countriesPortuguese in AfricaBantu languagescreoleCape Verdean CreolePortuguese creoleAnnobónTeodoro Obiang NguemaGuinea-Bissau Creolelingua francaZambiaPortuguese AmericansPortuguese CanadiansPortuguese MexicansBrazilian AmericansBrazilian CanadiansBrazilian MexicansCape Verdean AmericansAngolan AmericansPortuguese descentEnglishBritish Overseas TerritoryBermudaJaliscoQuintana RooYucatánMexico CityAngolansUruguayansRivera DepartmentPapiamentoDutch CaribbeanBonaireCuraçaoPortuguese colonial periodform of Portuguese spoken in South Americaspoken in Europedifferences between American and British EnglishphonologyprosodycariocaflorianopolitanoimmigrationMigration from BrazilSouthern Coneportunhol da pampabrasiguayosdekasegiBrazilians in the Philippines