Liquorice
Clinically, it is suspected that overindulgence in liquorice may manifest as unexplained hypertension, low blood potassium levels (hypokalemia), and muscle weakness in individuals.Strong, salty sweets are also consumed in Nordic countries where liquorice flavoured alcohols are sold, particularly in Denmark and Finland.[25] In Cumbria, County Durham, Yorkshire and Lancashire, it is colloquially known as 'Spanish', supposedly because Spanish monks grew liquorice root at Rievaulx Abbey near Thirsk.[citation needed] In southeastern Turkey, such as in Diyarbakır, licorice root is traditionally made into a chilled beverage that is most commonly consumed in summer.[27] Properties of glycyrrhizin are under preliminary research, such as for hepatitis C or topical treatment of psoriasis, but the low quality of studies as of 2017[update] prevents conclusions about efficacy and safety.[10] Although liquorice is considered safe as a food ingredient, glycyrrhizin can cause serious side effects if consumed in large amounts (above 0.2 mg per kg per day).[32] Because the composition of liquorice extracts in various products may exist in a broad range, there is not enough scientific information to determine that a specific level of intake is safe or unsafe.[10][33] Other adverse effects may include electrolyte imbalance, edema, increased blood pressure, weight gain, heart problems, and weakness.[34][35] The major dose-limiting toxicities of liquorice are corticosteroid in nature, because of the inhibitory effect that its chief active constituents, glycyrrhizin and enoxolone, have on cortisol degradation, and include edema, hypokalaemia, weight gain or loss, and hypertension.
Liquorice (confectionery)Liquorice (disambiguation)LycorisLicorice-rootConservation statusLeast ConcernIUCN 3.1Scientific classificationPlantaeTracheophytesAngiospermsEudicotsRosidsFabalesFabaceaeFaboideaeInverted repeat-lacking cladeGlycyrrhizaBinomial nameSynonymsCommonwealth EnglishAmerican Englishspelling differencescommon nameflowering plantextractedherbaceousperenniallegumeWest AsiaNorth AfricaSouthern Europetobaccopharmaceuticalsdietary supplementherbalismtraditional medicineglycyrrhizinic acidhypertensionhypokalemiaAnglo-FrenchLate LatinModern GreekCommonwealthpinnateleavesflowersinflorescencestoloniferousglycyrrhizintriterpenoidspolyphenolspolysaccharidesFlavonoidsglycosideisoflaveneglabreneglabridinphytoestrogensanetholesweetnesscigaretteschewing tobaccopipe tobaccorolling papersFood and Drug Administrationcandies or sweetsaniseedmenthollaurelammonium chloridesalty liquoriceNordic countriesPontefractYorkshirePontefract cakesRievaulx AbbeyThirskCalabrialiqueurReggio Emiliasoft drinkDiyarbakırEnoxolonehepatitis Ctopicalpsoriasistraditional Chinese medicineG. uralensisChineseclinical researchessential oilsAspergillus flavusgenerally recognized as safefood ingredientlowering potassium levels in the bloodblood pressureglycyrrhizic acidpremature birthmineralocorticosteroidaldosteronerenin-angiotensin systematrial natriuretic hormoneelectrolyte imbalanceshortness of breathkidney failurecorticosteroidcortisolhypokalaemiaGermplasm Resources Information NetworkAgricultural Research ServiceUnited States Department of AgricultureDictionary.com UnabridgedNew English DictionaryCenter for the Greek LanguageLiddell, Henry GeorgeScott, RobertA Greek–English LexiconPerseus ProjectA Latin DictionaryOnline Etymology DictionaryMerriam-Webster.com DictionaryWayback MachineSpringer PublishingEncyclopædia BritannicaChemical & Engineering News