Cholinesterase reactivator
[3] Cholinesterase reactivators are indicated for anticholinesterase toxicity and cholinergic crisis, the signs of which are contained within the mnemonic DUMBELS : Diarrhea/diaphoresis, urinary frequency, miosis, bronchospasm/bronchorrhea, emesis, lacrimation, and salivation.[5] Organophosphates lead to toxicity by forming a strong covalent bond in the active site of AChE.After the OP detaches from AChE, it phosphorylates the oxime, forming an OP-oxime compound that hydrolyzes within the synapse.[6] Because oximes function primarily at nicotinic receptors, it must be co-administered with a muscarinic antagonist such as atropine.Atropine resolves OP-induced cholinergic toxicity at muscarinic receptors in addition to aiding in central nervous system signs like bradycardia, respiratory depression, and bronchoconstriction.
cholinesteraseorganophosphatessulfonatesantidotenerve agentPralidoximecholinergic crisisnicotinic receptorsatropinemuscarinic receptorsAcetylcholinesterase inhibitorBibcodeAcetylcholinemetabolismtransportmodulatorsEnzymeInhibitorsAldicarbAminocarbBendiocarbCarbarylCarbendazimCarbofuranCarbosulfanDimetilanEthienocarbEthiofencarbFenobucarbFormetanateFormparanateMethiocarbMethomylMetolcarbMiotineOxamylPirimicarbPromecarbPropamocarbPropoxurThiofanoxDistigmineNeostigmine+glycopyrronium bromidePhenserinePhysostigminePyridostigmineRivastigmineAcotiamideAmbenoniumCaffeineDonepezilEA-3990EA-4056EdrophoniumGalantamineHuperzine AHuprine XIpidacrineItoprideLadostigilMinaprineOctamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)T-1123T-1152T-1194TL-599TL-1238Tacrine2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyl cyclohexyl methylphosphonateAcephateArmineAzinphos-ethylAzinphos-methylBAY-29952BensulideCadusafosCarbophenothionChlorethoxyfosChlorfenvinphosChlorpyrifosChlorpyrifos-methylCoumaphosCrotylsarinCyanophosCyclosarin (GF)DemephionDemetonDemeton-S-methylDialiforDiazinonDichlorvosDicrotophosDicyclohexyl phosphorofluoridateDiisopropylphosphateDiisopropyl fluorophosphateDimefoxDimethoateDimethyl 4-(methylthio)phenyl phosphateDioxathionDisulfotonEA-2012EA-2054EA-2098EA-2192EA-2613EA-3148EA-4352EchothiophateEthylsarin (GE)EndothionEthionEthopropFenamiphosFenitrothionFenthionFluorotabunFonofosFormothionGuanitoxinHexaethyl tetraphosphate (HETP)IsofluorophateIsoxathionLeptophosMalaoxonMalathion