CD31
2KY5, 5C14517518613ENSG00000261371ENSMUSG00000020717P16284Q08481NM_000442NM_001032378NM_008816NM_001305157NM_001305158NP_000433NP_001027550NP_001292086NP_001292087NP_032842Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) also known as cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PECAM1 gene found on chromosome17q23.3.Malignant endothelial cells also commonly retain the antigen, so that CD31 immunohistochemistry can also be used to demonstrate both angiomas and angiosarcomas.[14] PECAM-1 is found on the surface of platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some types of T-cells, and makes up a large portion of endothelial cell intercellular junctions.The encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is likely involved in leukocyte transmigration, angiogenesis, and integrin activation.Patients with this devastating condition have high levels of PECAM-1 in the serum indicating PECAM-1 as a good diagnostic marker.First signs of multiple sclerosis are defects in the blood brain barrier and leukocyte migration mediated by adhesion molecules such as PECAM-1.Cerebral ischaemia is caused by the accumulation of leukocytes, which then infiltrate brain parenchyma and release toxic compounds such as oxygen radicals.