It was established in the wake of the mad cow disease crisis in the UK, and is part of the Rural Payments Agency.The system covers cattle and also other bovine animals such as water buffalo, yak, bison and hybrids.The number and passport remain with the animal throughout its life, and are recorded by the slaughterhouse at its death, allowing traceability of the beef.Tags may also include the passport number as a barcode, and they may have a space for "management information" to be written by the farmer (for example a name).Similar numbering is used for sheep and goats, with the omission of the check digit (and there is no individual paper passport).
A4 British Cattle Passport as issued from 2011
Chequebook-style cattle passport as issued from 1998 to 2011. (Note: this example passport's number is unrealistic, because it would be for the 89,012th calf born into the herd.)