2011 Peruvian general election
Ollanta Humala, who had once led a military revolt in 2000 that was quickly put down, softened what was seen as his anti-capitalist tone to look more moderate along the lines of Brazil's former president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.Voters were seen to vote against Garcia in order to have a "fairer division of Peru's booming economy – backed by rich mineral resources – a key issue for more than a third of the population still living in poverty."The other candidates tried to discredit him by saying he would increase state control over the economy, roll back reforms and jeopardise about $40bn in potential foreign investment over the next decade in mining and energy exploration.Opinion polls conducted in late May 2011 showed Fujimori and Humala in a statistical tie in a runoff vote scheduled for 5 June 2011, with one point separating the two candidates.[24] The Lima Stock Exchange index also plunged the following day[29] amid concerns of Humala's economic policies and cabinet ministers.[30] About a week before his inauguration Humala introduced a cabinet line-up that was positively received by financial markets and the business community because most appointees were read as "moderate" and "establishment" figures who thus allayed apparent fears of radical change.de Minas Buenaventura SA, (Peru's largest precious metals producer) said of Humala's ministerial appointees that "there are very, very good ministers who have been called to contribute.Renee Ramirez, the general secretary of the Education Workers Union said that: "The new government has built up such great hopes that if it doesn't follow through there'll be a big divorce.Erasto Almeida, a political analyst at Eurasia Group added that if his opinion rating drops further or the economy slows that Humala "could be tempted later on in his mandate" to adopt less market-friendly policies.[45] Indigenous groups, such as AIDESEP in the Amazon, have expressed disappointment with Humala's move away from the left amidst his campaign promises to champion the Inca empire.[49] At it he said:[50] I wanted to thank all of the ministers, also the regional presidents have put in a great deal of effort into their jobs, and mayors who are those who develop directly and closely with the people.[53] However, foreign dignitaries such as Colombia's Juan Manuel Santos was scheduled to attend the event,[54] along with Brazil's Dilma Rousseff,[55] Uruguay's José Mujica,[56] Panama's Ricardo Martinelli[57] (and his wife First Lady Marta Linares de Martinelli),[58] Argentina's Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, Chile's Sebastián Piñera, Ecuador's Rafael Correa,[59] Bolivia's Evo Morales, Guatemala's Álvaro Colom, Honduras’ Porfirio Lobo,[60] South Africa's Jacob Zuma[61] and Georgia's Mikheil Saakashvili."[57] Machado Ventura, who was welcomed by the outgoing Minister of the Interior Miguel Hidalgo, relayed greetings and said that Humala electoral victory was an "example of the continuing advance of progressive forces in Latin America;" he added that the proposed a "nationalist programme" would "promote greater equity in the distribution of the country's wealth and that Cuba wishes him success in this effort."[68] The outgoing President Alan García hosted a reception for the visiting heads of state and foreign dignitaries the night before the inauguration."We call on Peruvians to be confident that President Ollanta Humala is setting the beginning of a new phase of growth with social inclusion in the history of Peru, respecting human rights and freedom of speech."[37] The initiatives were backed by the National Confederation of Private Business Associations (CONFIEP) as confirmed by President Humberto Speziani who said that "Overall we agree with all ten policies announced by the Cabinet, which is headed by Salomon Lerner.[74] Humala also sought to create a national flag carrier airline in cooperation with private investment, especially to such unprofitable domestic markets as the hinterlands of the Andes and the Amazon.[75] During the first month of Humala's presidency, an agreement was reached with mining companies that would increase taxes by up to three billion sols a year however, Carlos Herrera said a new royalty rate had not been set as yet.
Ollanta HumalaKeiko FujimoriForce 2011Peru WinsMarisol EspinozaOmar ChehadeRafael ReyJaime YoshiyamaregionprovinceAlan GarcíaCongress of PeruPossible PeruAlejandro ToledoPedro Pablo KuczynskiLuis Castañeda LossioPolitics of PeruConstitutionExecutivePresident of PeruDina BoluarteVice Presidents of PeruPrime Minister of PeruGustavo AdrianzénCabinetMinistriesLegislatureCongress of the RepublicPresidentEduardo SalhuanaJudiciarySupreme Court of the RepublicSuperior Courts of JusticeCourts of First InstanceCourts of PeaceNational Board of JusticeConstitutional CourtPublic MinistryOffice of the Public Defender(Ombudsman)Central Reserve BankElectionsElectoral systemElectoral Processes (ONPE)Jury of Elections (JNE)National Registry (RENIEC)Administrative divisions24 departments1 constitutional province1 special regime province25 regional governments1 Metropolitan Municipality196 provinces1874 districtsDistrict municipalitiesPopulated centers of PeruForeign relationsMinistry of Foreign AffairsDiplomatic missions ofin PeruNationality lawPassportVisa requirementsVisa policyCongressAndean ParliamentAlberto Fujimori1992 dissolution of CongressRENIECAlliance for the Great ChangePeruvian Nationalist PartyFuerza SocialAmerican Popular Revolutionary AllianceSocialist PartyPeruvian Communist PartyRevolutionary Socialist PartyNational RenewalWe Are PeruPopular ActionCarlos BruceJavier ReáteguiAlliance for ProgressPeruvian Humanist PartyChristian People's PartyNational RestorationMáximo San RománMarisol Pérez TelloNational Solidarity AllianceNational SolidarityChange 90Union for PeruCarmen Rosa NúñezMartina PortocarreroPeruvian Fonavista PartyMercedes Araóz FernándezJavier VelásquezNidia VílchezSocial ForceManuel Rodríguez Cuadrosfree-marketTúpac Amaru Revolutionary MovementJapanese embassy hostage crisisU.S. citizenshipLuiz Inácio Lula da SilvaMoody'sLima Stock ExchangeMario Vargas Llosapresidential candidate of 1990El ComercioJurado Nacional de EleccionesNational Jury of ElectionsOpinion polling for the 2011 Peruvian general electionFonavistas of PeruDecentralist Social Force PartyPossible Peru AllianceBoliviaEvo MoralesColombiaJuan Manuel SantosJuan Carlos Echeverryelectoral victoryFirst Vice PresidentSecond Vice PresidentSalomon Lerner GhitisPrime MinisterRafael RoncaglioloForeign Minister