Timeline of volcanism on Earth

[1][2] Before the present Holocene epoch, the criteria are less strict because of scarce data availability, partly since later eruptions have destroyed the evidence.In addition to the events listed below, there are many examples of eruptions in the Holocene on the Kamchatka Peninsula,[3] which are described in a supplemental table by Peter Ward.The global dimming through volcanism (ash aerosol and sulfur dioxide) is quite independent of the eruption VEI.[109] Bipolar comparison showed six sulfate events: Tambora (1815), Cosigüina (1835), Krakatoa (1883), Agung (1963), and El Chichón (1982), and the 1808 mystery eruption.[110] And the atmospheric transmission of direct solar radiation data from the Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO), Hawaii (19°32'N) detected only five eruptions:[111]
2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens 1912 eruption of Novarupta Yellowstone Caldera AD 79 Eruption of Mount Vesuvius 1902 eruption of Santa María 1280 eruption of Quilotoa 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull Yellowstone Caldera 1783 eruption of Laki 1477 eruption of Bárðarbunga 1650 eruption of Kolumbo Volcanic activity at Santorini Toba catastrophe theory Kuril Islands Baekdu Mountain Kikai Caldera 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo Long Island (Papua New Guinea) 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora 1883 eruption of Krakatoa 2010 eruptions of Mount Merapi Billy Mitchell (volcano) Taupō Volcano Taupō Volcano Taupō Volcano Crater Lake
Clickable imagemap of notable volcanic eruptions . The apparent volume of each bubble is linearly proportional to the volume of tephra ejected, colour-coded by time of eruption as in the legend. Pink lines denote convergent boundaries , blue lines denote divergent boundaries and yellow spots denote hotspots .
The final eruptions in the creation of Banks Peninsula in New Zealand occurred about 9 million years ago.
A major eruption of Gran Canaria took place around 14 million years ago.
Distribution of selected hotspots. The numbers in the figure are related to the listed hotspots on Hotspot (geology) .
VEI and ejecta volume correlation
volcanic eruptionsproportionalvolume of tephraconvergent boundariesdivergent boundarieshotspotsVolcanic explosivity indexsulfur dioxideQuaternaryvolcanic winterHoloceneNeogenePaleogeneYellowstone hotspotSantorini calderaTaupō Volcanic ZoneStromboliMount EtnaKīlaueaback-arc basinNew BritainNew ZealandPeter WardList of Quaternary volcanic eruptions14C yearsPinatubotephratonnesshort tonsNovaruptaSanta MariaKrakatoaMount TamboraYear Without a Summer1808 mystery eruptionGrímsvötnLong Island (Papua New Guinea)HuaynaputinaBilly MitchellBárðarbunga1465 mystery eruptionice coreAlfonso II of Naples1452/1453 mystery eruptionNew HebridesVanuatusulfuric acidQuilotoa1257 Samalas eruptionLombok IslandIndonesiaIce coresList of large volcanic eruptionsMount PinatuboAleutian RangeSanta MaríaCentral America Volcanic ArcSunda Arc30,000 deadLesser Sunda IslandsPacific OceanCentral Volcanic ZoneRussian famine of 1601–1603BougainvilleSolomon Is.1458 mystery eruptionNorthern Volcanic ZoneSamalasMount RinjaniLombok1st pulseBaekdu MountainNorth KoreaCeborucoTrans-Mexican Volcanic BeltDakatauaMount ChurchillRabaul calderaVolcanic winter of 536IlopangoKsudachKamchatka PeninsulaHatepe eruptionTaupō VolcanoAffected skiesAlaskaAmbrymApoyequePleistoceneEifel hotspotLaacher SeeVulkan EifelLake BarrineMenengaiMorne DiablotinsCommonwealth of DominicaPhlegraean FieldsCampanian Ignimbrite eruptionKurile LakeManinjau CalderaWest SumatraLake TobagigatonsAtitlán CalderaMount AsoKyūshūSierra la PrimaveraGuadalajara, JaliscoPuy de SancyUzon-GeyzernayaignimbriteDiamante Caldera–Maipo volcano complexYellowstone CalderaLava Creek TuffThree Sisters (Oregon)Tumalo volcanic centerUinkaret volcanic fieldLong Valley CalderaBishop TuffValles CalderaBandelier TuffSutter ButtesCentral Valley of CaliforniaIsland Park CalderaHuckleberry Ridge TuffCerro GalánCatamarca ProvinceList of large volume volcanic eruptions in the Basin and Range ProvincePlioceneLa GaritaNorth PassLake CityDotseroVallesSocorroPotrilloCarrizozoZuni-BanderaBoring Lava FieldNorfolk IslandbasalticvolcanoPastos Grandes CalderaAltiplano-Puna volcanic complexLittle Barrier IslandNorth IslandMount KenyastratovolcanoEast African riftPacana CalderaFrailes PlateauKhari KhariBanks PeninsulaGran CanariaMioceneCerro GuachaLord Howe IslandMount LidgbirdMount GowerbasaltcalderaManus IslandLytteltonMascarene IslandsRéunion hotspotMount CargillPort ChalmersDunedinOtago HarbourBruneau-Jarbidge volcanic fieldAshfall Fossil BedsAnahim hotspotAnahim Volcanic BeltOwyhee-Humboldt volcanic fieldCampi FlegreiTrout Creek MountainsLake OwyheePine Forest RangeColumbia River flood basaltsPueblo MountainsSteens MountainMount Lindesay (New South Wales)Pemberton Volcanic BeltChilcotin GroupColumbia River Basalt GroupLa Garita CalderaEthiopiaEthiopian Highlands flood basaltOligoceneBennett Lake Volcanic ComplexCanary hotspotDeccan TrapsCretaceous–Paleogene extinction eventLouisville hotspotLouisville RidgeOntong Java PlateauHawaii hotspotMeiji SeamountHawaiian-Emperor seamount chainKerguelen PlateauRahjamal TrapsParaná and Etendeka trapsKaroo-FerrarCentral Atlantic magmatic provinceTriassic–Jurassic extinction eventSiberian TrapsPermian–Triassic extinction eventEmeishan TrapsLate Devonian extinctionOrdovician–Silurian extinction eventGlen CoeScotlandScafellsLake DistrictFlat Landing BrookSupervolcanic eruptionPhanerozoicMidcontinent Rift SystemMackenzie Large Igneous ProvinceMistassini dike swarmMatachewan dike swarmBlake River Megacaldera ComplexProterozoicArcheanPrecambrianflood basaltMackenzie dike swarmdike swarmWheeler Geologic AreaLa Garita WildernessCreede, ColoradoSan Luis PeakContinental Divide of the AmericasLake City, ColoradoRio Grande riftPotrillo volcanic fieldYucca MountainBeattyMercuryGoldfieldRéveille RangeLunar Crater volcanic fieldMarysvale Volcanic FieldMcDermittBilk Creek MountainsMount EmmonsBasin and Range ProvinceextensionNorth American PlateriftingNorth American cratonGulf of CaliforniagrabenGreat BasinNevadaHenry's Fork CalderaKiloannumMegaannumMasaya VolcanoNicaraguaPoás VolcanoCosta RicaMount RuapehuNevado del RuizColombiaEyjafjallajökullIcelandMount St. HelensUnited StatesPhilippinesGlobal dimmingstandard stateultravioletalbedosnow lineTamboraCosigüinaEl ChichónMauna Loa ObservatoryHawaiiSarychev PeakKuril IslandsMexicoVolcán de FuegoGuatemalaMount AgungatmosphereCarbon monoxidemethanegreenhouse gasescarbon dioxideaerosolSolar radiationEl ChichonvolcanoesHarney BasinOwyheeMalheur RiverAqua satelliteNevada Test SiteSanta Fe National ForestDecade VolcanoesDense-rock equivalentGeologic timeline of Western North AmericaHotspot (geology)List of largest volcanic eruptionsList of volcanoes in IcelandList of volcanoes in MexicoList of volcanoes in Papua New GuineaLists of volcanoesRing of FireStratospheric sulfur aerosolsSupervolcanoVolcanic arcWard, Peter L.Thin Solid FilmsBibcodeJournal of Geophysical ResearchRussian Academy of SciencesInternational Commission on StratigraphyUnited States Geological SurveyFierstein, JudyHildreth, WesBulletin of VolcanologyGlobal Volcanism ProgramSmithsonian InstitutionStoryworksElsevierCashman, K. V.Cambridge University PressWayback MachineThe Journal of GeologyEos, Transactions, American Geophysical UnionCiteSeerXClimate DynamicsGeophysical Research LettersCascades Volcano ObservatoryVancouverVolcano topicsPrediction of volcanic activityVolcanic Seven SummitsVolcano NumberVolcano observatoryExtraterrestrial volcanoesLarge volume volcanic eruptions in the Basin and Range ProvinceLarge volcanic eruptionsLargest volcanic eruptionsQuaternary volcanic eruptionsVolcanic eruption deaths