Racial quota
Conversely, quotas have also been used historically to promote discrimination against minority groups by limiting access to influential institutions in employment and education.[5] In a 1973 court case, a federal judge created one of the first mandated quotas when he ruled that half of the Bridgeport, Connecticut Police Department's new employees must be either black or Puerto Rican.[5] A 1979 Supreme Court case, United Steelworkers v. Weber, found that private employers could set rigid numerical quotas, if they chose to do so.[6] In 1991, President George H. W. Bush made an attempt to abolish affirmative action altogether, maintaining that "any regulation, rule, enforcement practice or other aspect of these programs that mandates, encourages, or otherwise involves the use of quotas, preferences, set-asides or other devices on the basis of race, sex, religion or national origin are to be terminated as soon as is legally feasible".In an October 2007 press conference reported in The Wall Street Journal,[17] and The New York Times,[18] the group released data publicizing the numbers of African-Americans, Hispanics, and Asian-Americans at America's top law firms.The group has sent information to top law schools around the country to encourage students who agree with its viewpoint to take the demographic data into account when they choose where to work after graduation.
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