List of patriarchs of the Church of the East
According to tradition, the Church of the East was founded by the apostles Thomas, Addai, Aggai, and Mari in the first century AD.[1] At the end of the third century or beginning of the fourth century AD, Papa bar Aggai, as bishop of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, was recognised as the first supreme head of the Church of the East, according to the Chronicle of Arbela.[4] In the Schism of 1552, the Church of the East was split into two separate lines of patriarchs following the election of Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa as patriarch and his establishment of union with the Catholic Church in 1553.[5] However, the Shimun line formally dissolved the union with the Catholic Church in 1672 and thus a third line of patriarchs in union with Rome was formed with the appointment of Joseph I as patriarch in 1681.[8] Unless otherwise stated, all information is from the list provided in The Church of the East: An Illustrated History of Assyrian Christianity, as noted in the bibliography below.