Indian Airlines Flight 491
The final report concluded that the crash was caused by the captain's false perception on take-off technique which ultimately led to the aircraft's impact with a lorry at the end of the runway.Subsequently, the report also blamed authorities for not regulating public vehicles near the airport's vicinity.[3][4][2] The flight had originated from India's capital of Delhi and would have ended in Bombay with stopovers in multiple cities in Rajashtan and Maharashtra.500 metres (1,600 ft; 550 yd) from its collision with the wires, the aircraft descended and struck two babool trees.As the fuselage split into two sections right at the aft of the 19th cabin window, the back portion became inverted.A total of 63 people, including Captain Singh, First Officer Mohan, and flight attendants Nim and Anita Dabas, had survived the crash.A member of parliament also asked then-Minister of Civil Aviation and Tourism Shri Ghulam Nabi Azad to resign.Dau Dayal Joshi from Kota argued on the lack of information regarding the crash and the presence of a lorry near the runway.There was speculation that the truck was actually on the runway and not outside on the road, but was subsequently clarified in the Lok Sabha.[2] The crash occurred exactly one day after the hijacking of an Indian Airlines Boeing 737 by a Muslim extremist in Amritsar.The Indian Bomb Detection and Disposal Squad was requested to determine whether the aircraft had been sabotaged or not.An overloaded state of the aircraft would have required a longer speed build up, thus explaining the late lift off of Flight 491.[2] Flight 491 attained its Vr speed within 32 seconds after the crew had initiated the take-off roll, approximately at 4,100 feet (1,200 m) from the beginning of the 6,000-foot (1,800 m) runway.The runway was 6,000 feet (1,800 m) long and the decision to delay the rotation would cause the aircraft's distance to be closer with the road, leading to the collision with the lorry.Had the crew initiated the rotation at an earlier stage with a normal technique, the aircraft would have lifted off approximately 4–5 seconds later and it would have achieved a height of at least 35 ft above the runway.Since 1986, theses gates didn't exist anymore and thus vehicles could freely use the road at any time.It concluded the cause of the crash as follow: Causes of the accident were: (i) Pilots' error in initiating late rotation and following wrong rotation technique, and (ii) failure of the NAA to regulate the mobile traffic on the Beed road during the flight hours.Other officials who were involved or deemed as contributing to the accident were ordered to receive "departmental actions".Subsequently, the report asked the senior fire crew, Gosavi, to be awarded due to his quick response on the crash of Flight 491.