Function generator
As the output voltage reaches upper or lower limits, the charging or discharging is reversed using a comparator, producing the linear triangle wave.A 50% duty cycle square wave is easily obtained by noting whether the capacitor is being charged or discharged, which is reflected in the current switching comparator output.Two such walking ring counters are perhaps the simplest way to generate the continuous-phase frequency-shift keying used in dual-tone multi-frequency signaling and early modem tones.Examples are the Exar XR2206[7] and the Intersil ICL8038 integrated circuits[citation needed], which can generate sine, square, triangle, ramp, and pulse waveforms at a voltage-controllable frequency.An electronic circuit element that provides an output proportional to some mathematical function (such as the square root) of its input; such devices are used in feedback control systems and in analog computers.[10] Measurement instruments like pressure gauges, altimeters and barometers include linkage-type function generators as linearization means.
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