Fuel dumping
Three- and four-engine jets like the Lockheed L-1011, McDonnell Douglas DC-10 / MD-11, Boeing 747 and Airbus A340 usually have difficulty meeting the requirements of FAR 25.119 near maximum structural takeoff weight, thus most of those have jettison systems.Fuel leaves the aircraft through a specific point on each wing, usually closer to the wingtips and farther away from engines, and initially appears as more liquid than vapor.Air traffic control, after receiving information from the pilots executing the dumping procedure, usually separates other traffic by 2,000 feet (610 m) vertically and 5 nautical miles (9.3 kilometres) laterally, since the dumped vapours if ingested by a jet engine might cause serious problems to the engine's normal operation.A spectacular flame combined with high speed makes this a popular display for air shows or as a finale to fireworks.[9] The aircraft was used for this purpose in Australia during the closing ceremony of the 2000 Summer Olympics[10] and (until 2010) regularly at Brisbane's Riverfire and the Australian Grand Prix.
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