1931 Jinan plane crash
The passenger, Xu Zhimo, was intending to attend an architectural lecture given by the well-known architect Lin Huiyin in Beiping.This time first officer Liang was at the controls, as Captain Wang handed the flight over and moved to the passenger's seat.Seconds later, the aircraft hit the peak of what is now called West Mountain below the summit, about six kilometers from Dangjiazhuang Railway Station, and broke off its right wing.The Detroiter crashed into the valley below and disintegrated, resulting in a series of fire and explosions, killing two of the three on board instantly.The Government of the Republic of China claimed that the aircraft crashed into Mount Beida, where they set up a tomb to commemorate Xu.The investigation established that the crash site of the Stinson Detroiter was at West Mountain, which is in the east of Changqing District in southwest Jinan and one kilometer from the railway, at an elevation of 150 meters.The three bodies were later carried back to Jinan, and Xu's was eventually buried at Mount Beida, which local government had mistaken as the crash site.This chilled them, as in the same year, a Fokker F-10 had crashed in Kansas in the United States due to a structural failure of the aircraft's wing.Witnesses reported that the plane was flying dangerously lower than usual and was circling in the air seconds from the crash, which indicated to investigators that the pilots might have had difficulty finding their route.Based on the evidence, they hypothesized that the pilot descended the aircraft beneath the minimum safety altitude while attempting to seek their target, Wujiapu airport.There were no ground proximity warning systems on aircraft at that time, so when the terrain abruptly appeared in front of the windshields, it was too late for the pilot to divert the plane.They believe that the accident could have been avoided if the captain, sitting in the passenger's seat, had reminded the pilot at control that the flight was dangerously close to the terrain.
Controlled flight into terrainpilot errorChangqing DistrictShandongStinson Detroiter SM-1FChina Airways FederalNanjingXuzhouNanyuan AirportBeipingNovember 19Stinson DetroiterShandong ProvinceXu ZhimoRepublic of ChinaChunghwa PostBeijingLin HuiyinZhang XueliangNanyuan Aviation SchoolrangefinderLiang Sichengcerebral traumaa Fokker F-10 had crashed in Kansas in the United Statesstructural failureblack boxescompass headingground proximity warning systemsdisorientedaviation regulationsLu Xiaomanspecial agentsTWA Flight 3Douglas DC-3Carole LombardSuperga air disasterFiat G.212Avio Linee ItalianeTorino football teamAir New Zealand Flight 901Douglas DC-10Mount ErebusAntarctica1996 Croatia USAF CT-43 crashUnited States Air ForceBoeing CT-43ADubrovnikCroatiainstrument approaching systemsDubrovnik AirportAviation accidents and incidentsAvro Ten Southern Cloud disappearanceTranscontinental & Western Air F-10 crashTupolev ANT-9 crashJinan air crashBeijing-Han Airlines crashKweilin IncidentChungking IncidentBeiping (Beijing) C-46 crashUnited States Air Force C-47 crash at Yan'anMiss MacaoCathay Pacific Douglas DC-4 shootdownLin Biao incidentCAAC Flight 3303CAAC Flight 2311CAAC Flight 296Guilin Airport collisionCAAC Flight 5109Aeroflot Flight 101/435China Airlines Flight 334China Southwest Airlines Flight 4146China Eastern Airlines Flight 5510Guangzhou Baiyun airport collisionsChina General Aviation Flight 7552China Southern Airlines Flight 3943China Northwest Airlines Flight 2119China Eastern Airlines Flight 5398China Northern Airlines Flight 6901China Northwest Airlines Flight 2303China Southern Airlines Flight 3456China Southwest Airlines Flight 4509Korean Air Cargo Flight 6316Wuhan Airlines Flight 343Hainan Island incidentChina Northern Airlines Flight 6136China Eastern Airlines Flight 5210PLAAF KJ-200 crashAvient Aviation Flight 324Henan Airlines Flight 8387Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554Sichuan Airlines Flight 8633China Eastern Airlines Flight 5735Tibet Airlines Flight 9833