[1] Originally Alexandria County, D.C. formed the portion of the District west of the Potomac River, ceded by the commonwealth of Virginia.Despite its comparatively large geographic size, rural Washington County was sparsely populated until the end of the 19th century.Slavery was ended in Washington County in April 1862 by the District of Columbia Compensated Emancipation Act.After the Civil War, many of the old estates in Washington County were sold and developed into suburbs for the growing capital city.[9] Three years later, Congress abolished the territorial government in favor of direct rule over the District by an appointed three-member commission.