It is managed by the Public Transport Authority (PTA), a state government organisation, and consists of train, bus and ferry services.The first diesel railcars, the WAGR ADG class, enter service on 28 November 1954, replacing steam locomotives.This allowed for shorter stop spacings, leading to the opening of seven new railway stations on that date.[1] On 15 January 1958, the Metropolitan Transport Trust (MTT) was formed, and begun to acquire the various private bus operators in Perth.[2] The Fremantle line was closed to passenger services on 1 September 1979, despite a 100,000 signature petition calling for the closure to be cancelled.The electrification of the rail network was completed by September 1991 and the Transperth A-series trains entered service, replacing the diesel railcars.The government later announced that it would withdraw MetroBus from operating and it would tender out the remaining contract areas.The first Transperth B-series trains enter service in 2004 as well and Nowergup railcar depot opens.In July 2016, the Perth Busport opened, replacing Wellington Street bus station.[6][7] Transperth services run as far as Two Rocks on the outer north of the Perth metropolitan area, Wundowie in the Shire of Northam, and Dawesville in the south of Mandurah.[9] Transperth is Australia's third busiest passenger rail system, behind Sydney and Melbourne but ahead of Brisbane and Adelaide.Methods for adding money to the SmartRider card include using "add-value machines" at certain stations, BPAY, on buses and ferries, at certain retail stores and Transperth InfoCentres, and by setting up "Autoload", where direct debits are made automatically from a bank account to a SmartRider.[20] Perth has a Free Transit Zone (FTZ) with zero-fare travel on buses and trains in its central business district.This was not always the case, but is now required due to changes in station structures brought about by the implementation of the SmartRider ticketing system.[21] For train passengers, the zone is bounded by City West, Elizabeth Quay, and Claisebrook stations.[23] The levy was introduced under the Perth Parking Management Act 1999, and allows levy funds to be used for transport-related investments aimed at reducing private car travel into and out of Perth CBD, including the FTZ and CAT bus services.[24] Since its introduction, the levy has been criticised by the City of Perth council, business groups and the media.