The Senedos, possibly an Iroquoian group, are thought to have occupied the area at one time, until they were said to have been slaughtered by the Catawba in the latter 17th century.It has also been attributed to General George Washington naming it in honor of John Skenandoa, an Oneida chief from New York who helped gain support of Oneida and Tuscarora warriors to aid the rebel colonists during the American Revolutionary War.Colonial Governor Gooch formally purchased the entire Shenandoah Valley from the Six Nations of the Iroquois by the Treaty of Lancaster in 1744.During Pontiac's War (1763–1766), Shawnee efforts to repel the white intruders reached as far east as the current county.[3] Fort Valley and the western slopes of the Massanutten Mountain are located within the county boundary.In the 1920s it became solidly Republican at a statewide level, with the exception of Democratic local hero Harry F. Byrd and his son.The county briefly returned to its Southern Democrat roots at the state level during the civil rights movement.