[5] The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range, bordering on Kavir desert in its southern parts.[1] In the Median and Achaemenid times, Semnan was one of the largest provinces of the empires, and corresponded to the borders of the ancient region of Parthia.Various ethnic groups with Kurdish, Turkish, Lor, Arab, Baloch and Gilak origins are settled in this province and it is also known as the Island of the Tribes due to the variety of ethnic groups living in the province.The population history and structural changes of Semnan province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.The environmentalists, backed by the country's media, began a wide campaign against the ministry's decision, which finally led the Prosecutor General to order a halt in the construction of the road.