Said Halim Pasha
Halim was sent to Lausanne to negotiate a peace treaty to end the Italo-Turkish War on 3 July 1912, but the change in government spelled his fall from cabinet and he had to return home.[4] Following his resignation, he was elected as the General Secretary of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), and was appointed to the Council of State for the second time in 1913 during Mahmut Şevket Pasha's viziership, and to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs three days later.In September 1913, he was honored with the Order of Distinction by Sultan Mehmed Reşad for his service in signing the achieving a peace deal with the Bulgarians, and anchoring the border to the Maritsa river, beyond Edirne.Said Halim was accused of treason during the court martial trials after World War I in the Ottoman Empire for his role in deporting Armenian civilians and signing a secret alliance with Germany.The idea that Islam essentially discouraged technological innovation was refuted by Halim, though he did identify western materialism for having destroyed family values.[5] In the 1911 essay Meşrutiyet, he gave a retrospective analysis of the failures of the First Constitutional Era, particularly blaming the lack of a civic political culture developed by many people's in the Empire.Despite the modern cosmopolitanism of the cities like Constantinople, Smyrna, or Salonica, much of the empire was still in a socio-economic state of feudalism, and not sufficiently "enlightened" for representative and constitutional government.[5] He was skeptical of the CUP's governance following the 31 March Incident, noting that a people toppling a dictator [Sultan Abdul Hamid II] doesn't mean freedom is automatically attained.The National Assembly, filled by members of the Committee of Union and Progress, was fired by patriotic zeal and revolutionary dreams, which foundered on the rocks of ignorance and inexperienceIqbal writes in his Javid Nama how Rumi guides him to Mercury, where he sees Said Halim Pasha and Jemaluddin al-Afghani in prayer.
Ottoman Turkishgiven nameGrand Vizier of the Ottoman EmpireMehmed VMahmud Shevket PashaTalaat PashaEgypt EyaletOttoman EmpireKingdom of ItalyCommittee of Union and ProgressMuhammad Ali PashaTurkishGrand VizierArmenian genocideArshavir ShirakianOperation NemesisShubraMuhammed Ali PashaSwitzerlandDowntown CairoAntonio LasciacCouncil of StateBeylerbeyiAbdul Hamid IIYoung TurksCommittee of Progress and Union1908 revolutionYeniköyOttoman SenateDarüşşafakaSaid PashaLausanneItalo-Turkish WarMahmut Şevket PashaMinistry of Foreign AffairsvizierIslamistOrder of DistinctionMehmed Reşadpeace dealMaritsa riverEdirneOttoman–German AllianceBaron Wangenheimpursuit of Goeben and Breslaubring the Ottoman Empire into the Great WarBritain annexed Egyptfirman which changed Egyptian succession lawdeportation orders for the Armenian populationArmenian PatriarchZaven I Der YeghiayanTalaat BeyEnver PashaHalil MenteşeInterior Ministercourt martial trials after World War IIstanbulassassinatedArmenian Revolutionary Federationhistorical materialismOttoman nationalismFirst Constitutional EraTanzimatFrance31 March IncidentJavid NamaMercuryJemaluddin al-AfghaniSaid Halim governmentList of Ottoman grand viziersWikidataMiddle Eastern StudiesBrill Publishers20th Century Press ArchivesMahmud Şevket PashaMuhammad Ali dynastyFamily treeMonarchsMuhammad AliIbrahimAbbas Hilmi IIsma'ilTewfikAbbas Hilmi IIHussein KamelAhmed Fuad IFaroukAhmed Fuad IIConsortsAmina HanemAyn al-Hayat QadinHoshiyar QadinMahivech HanimInji HanimMelekber HanimJananiyar HanimJeshm Afet HanimShehret Feza HanimShafaq Nur HanimNur Felek QadinJamal Nur QadinNeshedil QadinFerial QadinEmina IlhamyIkbal HanimJavidan HanimMelek TourhanNazli SabriFaridaNarriman SadekAhmad RifaatMustafa FazlAbbas HilmiMuhammad Ali TewfikMuhammad Abdel MoneimAhmad FuadMuhammad Sharif Pasha al-KabirAli Pasha SherifKhalil Sherif PashaIsmail ChirineIbrahim Ilhami PashaOmar ToussounTusun PashaKamal el Dine HusseinAbbas HalimHassan Aziz Hassan