Reconstruction (architecture)
More narrowly, such as under the Secretary of Interior's Standards in the United States, "reconstruction" is "the act or process of depicting, using new construction, the form, features, and detailing of a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure, or object to replicate its appearance at a specific time and in its historic location".Examples include Yongdingmen (former Peking city gate temporarily sacrificed to traffic considerations), St Mark's Campanile in Venice (collapsed in 1902), House of the Blackheads (Riga), Iberian Gate and Chapel and the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow (destroyed by order of Joseph Stalin), Dresden Frauenkirche and Semperoper in Dresden (bombed at the end of World War II).The reconstruction of Warsaw's historic center (e.g., St. John's Cathedral, St. Kazimierz Church, Ujazdów Castle) and, e.g., the replica of the Stari Most built in Mostar (Bosnia Herzegovina) have met with official approval by UNESCO.Other times, reconstructions are made in the case of sites where the historic and cultural significance was not recognized until long after their destruction, which is common in North America, especially with respect to its early history.In architecture, Georg Mörsch describes reconstruction as a "scientific method of extracting sources to rebuild things that have gone under, regardless of the time that has passed since then".The loss of the "beautiful old" is seen as an aesthetic diminution, and historically created and poorly closed building gaps are experienced as a permanent "flaw in the cityscape".The original building fabric is often hardly preserved and architects in particular argue against this approach, saying that it merely creates a historical impression to appeal to a certain group of buyers.Proponents of the reconstruction, on the other hand, have little fear of contact with the harmonistic architectural conceptions of the 19th century and also point to the lasting popularity of the domes that were "then completed" according to the principles that are not permitted today.Other cultures, both the Anglo-American region and Asia, deal with the topic differently: The regular, complete rebuilding of a Buddhist temple is part of the centuries-old tradition in Asian architecture, and the European concept of "true to the original" plays in this culture, which has everything in the philosophical core Material regarded as worthless shell, until today a subordinate role.
FrauenkircheDresdenGermanyWorld War IIarchitectural conservationrestorationpreservationreplicaRobert VenturiIndependence National Historical ParkYongdingmenPekingSt Mark's CampanileHouse of the BlackheadsIberian Gate and ChapelCathedral of Christ the SaviourMoscowJoseph StalinDresden FrauenkircheSemperoperWarsawOld TownRoyal CastleWarsaw UprisingSt. John's CathedralSt. Kazimierz ChurchUjazdów CastleStari MostMostarBosnia HerzegovinaUNESCOColonial WilliamsburgFort William Historical ParkNew Frankfurt Old TownFrankfurt am MainEilean Donan CastleCologne Cathedralneo-Romanesqueneo-Gothicneo-renaissanceneo-baroqueHohenschwangau CastleHohenzollern CastleNikolaiviertelPrinzipalmarktRömerbergexperimental archaeologyGuédelon CastleCampus GalliRovaniemi ChurchTheseus paradoxVenice CharterSt Kilda PavilionYpres Cloth HallWorld War IWorld Heritage SiteCroat–Bosniak WarMontreal BiosphèreCathedral-Basilica of Notre-Dame de QuébecQuebec CityOntario Legislative BuildingTorontoSaint-Joachim de Pointe-Claire ChurchPavilion of Prince TengYellow Crane TowerPorcelain Tower of NanjingChurch of Pentecost, VinkovciBethlehem ChapelParis CommuneSoissons CathedralBerlin PalaceEast GermanHannoverWürzburgOsnabrückSt. Michael's Church, HamburgSchloss JohannisburgRoman limesNurembergHildesheim CathedralLübeckBauakademieCity Palace, PotsdamMünster CathedralButchers' Guild Hall, HildesheimOld CastleStuttgartDresden CastleDresden CathedralMunich ResidenceMunich FrauenkircheDom-Römer ProjectSaarbrückenLudwigskircheStoa of AttalosAthensMatthias ChurchBudapestBuda Castlesome partsRoyal PalaceGödöllőDaksheswara Mahadev TempleTabo MonasteryBabylonChurch of the FlagellationJerusalemHurva SynagogueBasilica of Saint Paul Outside the WallsMonte CassinoLa FeniceVeniceHeijō PalaceHeijō-kyōPalace of the Grand Dukes of LithuaniaVilniusTrakai Island CastleWignacourt ArchFleur-de-LysSanta VeneraChapel of St Anthony of PaduaFort ManoelBirgu Clock TowerWarsaw Old TownSigismund's ColumnGreen Gate