King's Bench Division
At an unknown point, another court, independent of the King's personal presence, grew out of the Curia Regis, and consisted of a number of royal judges who would hear cases themselves.It was recorded in the chronicle of Abbot Benedict of Peterborough that, in 1178, Henry II ordered that five judges of his household should remain in Curia Regis, referring only difficult cases to himself.The King's Bench, being a theoretically movable court, was excluded from hearing common pleas, which included all praecipe actions for the recovery of property or debt.Generally, unless specific appeal processes are provided, the validity of any decision of a minister of the crown, inferior court, tribunal, local authority or other official body may be challenged by a judge with sufficient interest through the exercise of judicial review.[4][5] The Commercial Court was set up in 1895 following demands from the City of London and the business community for a tribunal or court staffed by judges with knowledge and experience of commercial disputes which could determine such disputes expeditiously and economically, thereby avoiding tediously long and expensive trials with verdicts given by judges or juries unfamiliar with business practices.Over 70% of the court's workload involves foreign parties where the only connection with the jurisdiction is the choice of English and Welsh law in a contract.The procedure was introduced to enable fast, efficient and high quality dispute resolution of claims related to the financial markets.[11] However, since its formation in its current guise in October 1998, the court's jurisdiction has expanded such that many civil claims which are factually or technically complex are now heard in the TCC, beyond its traditional case load.For example, large-scale group personal injury claims are heard by the court, as are disputes arising out of the EU's public procurement regime.Its case load has dramatically increased since 1998, both in the form of traditional litigation and through assisted methods of alternative dispute resolution.The TCC also regularly deals with allegations of lawyers’ negligence arising in connection with planning, property, construction and other technical disputes.This was amended from 1673, with appointments falling within the purview of the Crown,[24][c] and from 1689 judges also received an annual stipend and a degree of tenure, holding their positions subject to effective delivery of their duties rather than at the Lord High Admiral's pleasure.[24] From its inception in 1483 until 1657 the court sat in a disused church in Southwark, and from then until 1665 in Montjoy House, private premises leased from the Dean of St Paul's Cathedral.In order to escape the Great Plague of London in 1665, the court was briefly relocated to Winchester and then to Jesus College at Oxford University.[26] During the period after the French and Indian War, admiralty courts became an issue that was a part of the rising tension between the British Parliament and their American Colonies.For example, he decided The Hansa Nord case Cehave v Bremer in 1976 and demonstrated the continued pre-eminence of London as the legal centre of the high seas.When Watkins retired in 1993, Lord Taylor of Gosforth appointed Sir Paul Kennedy of the Court of Appeal to oversee the Queen's Bench Division.
King's BenchEngland and WalesRolls BuildingCity of LondonAppeals toCourt of AppealSupreme CourtAppeals fromCrown CourtMagistrates' courtsVictoria SharpJames DingemansKing's RemembrancerCourts of England and WalesLaw of England and WalesMinistry of JusticeLord ChancellorHis Majesty's Courts and Tribunals ServiceJudges' CouncilSupreme Court of the United KingdomPrivy CouncilMaster of the RollsCourt of Appeal judgeHigh Court of JusticePresident of the King's BenchPresident of the Family DivisionChancellor of the High CourtHigh Court judgeCounty CourtList of County Court venuesCounty Court Business CentreFamily CourtCourt of ProtectionCourt of ChivalryLord Chief JusticeList of Crown Court venuesCircuit judgeRecorderJustice of the peace / lay magistratesAttorney GeneralDirector of Public ProsecutionsCrown Prosecution ServiceBar CouncilBarristerLaw Society of England and WalesSolicitorSolicitor advocatemonarchcase statedCourt of King's Bench (England)Westminster Hallcommon lawCuria RegisAlfredAbbot Benedict of PeterboroughHenry IIWestminsterMagna CartaCommon Benchpraecipetrespassreplevinthe Crownnisi priusCommonwealth of EnglandSupreme Court of Judicature Act 1873King's Bench PrisonInner TempleElizabeth Iadministrative lawminister of the crownjudicial reviewdivisional courtLord Justice of Appealjudge of the High CourtCourt of King's BenchChancery DivisionFamily Divisioncivil courtinternational tradebankinginsurancecommoditiesimportexporttransportshippingLondonarbitrationEnglish and Welsh lawSara CockerillCivil Procedure Rulescivil procedurepersonal injurypublic procurement regimelitigationalternative dispute resolutionFetter LanetribunalMr Justice DysonLord Woolf'sadjudicationConstruction Act 1996Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009Arbitration Act 1996professional negligencecircuit judgesLord DysonJohn Thayne ForbesSir Rupert JacksonVivian RamseyMr Justice AkenheadAntony Edwards-StuartPeter CoulsonSir Peter FraserDame Finola O'FarrellRoyal Courts of JusticeEdward IIILord High AdmiralSouthwarkSt Paul's CathedralGreat Plague of LondonWinchesterJesus CollegeOxford UniversityExeter House