Pierre Gemayel

Pierre Amine Gemayel, also spelled Jmayyel, Jemayyel or al-Jumayyil (Arabic: بيار الجميّل; 6 November 1905 – 29 August 1984), was a Lebanese political leader.He opposed the French Mandate over Lebanon in the late 1930s and early 1940s, and advocated an independent state, free from foreign control.[5] As captain of the Lebanon national team, Gemayel attended the 1936 Olympic games in Berlin,[4] alongside Hussein Sejaan,[6] the former LFA president.[8][9][10][11] At first, the goal of the party was to enhance people's patriotism and civic-mindedness, but later on turned into a political resistance to the French authorities in the region.[15] In the Civil War of 1958, Gemayel emerged as a leader of the right-wing nationalist (mainly Christian) movement that opposed a Nasserist and Arab-nationalist inspired attempt to overthrow the government of president Camille Chamoun[16] and supported the return of foreign troops to Lebanon.[15] By the end of the 1960s, the Kataeb Party held 9 seats in the National Assembly, making it one of the largest groupings in Lebanon's notoriously fractured and sectarian parliament.Although his bids for the presidency in 1964 and 1970 were unsuccessful, Gemayel continued to hold cabinet posts intermittently throughout the remaining quarter-century of his life.Gemayel reluctantly signed the Cairo Agreement of 1969 under enormous pressure from the international community, which allowed Palestinian guerrillas to set up bases on Lebanese soil, from which to carry out actions against Israel.He initially welcomed Syrian intervention on the side of the Christians and against the Lebanese National Movement, but he soon became convinced that Syria was occupying Lebanon for reasons of its own.
Pierre Gemayel (far right) prior to the friendly game in Beirut against Austrian club Admira Vienna in 1937
Pierre Gemayel ( right ) with William Hawi ( left ), Chief of the Kataeb Security Council
The Sheikh Pierre Gemayel Memorial, in Gemayel's hometown Bikfaya , Lebanon
Bachir Gemayel with his father Pierre Gemayel and William Hawi 's family at the Kataeb anniversary event in 1977
Pierre Amine GemayelLebanese namefather's namefamily nameBeirutLebanese Football AssociationBikfayaBeirut VilayetOttoman EmpireKataeb PartyGenevieve GemayelSamy GemayelNadim GemayelBachir GemayelAmine GemayelAlma materSaint Joseph UniversityMaronite politicsSamir GeageaÉmile EddéBechara El KhouryAlfred NaqqacheCamille ChamounSuleiman FrangiehMichel AounGebran BassilChamounFrangiehGemayelKhazenLebanese ForcesNational BlocConstitutional BlocKataebNational LiberalMarada MovementFree Patriotic MovementLebanese Forces (Lebanese Resistance)Kataeb Regulatory ForcesTigersAl-TanzimGuardians of the CedarsArabicMaronite CatholicpresidencyFrenchMandatePalestinian causePalestinianLebanese National MovementNational Pactnon-sectarianfootballLebanon national teamfootball refereeinternationallyMaronitesentenced to deathOttomanWorld War IJesuitrefereecaptain1936 Olympic gamesBerlinAl Kataeb Al LoubnaniyyahSokol movementCzechoslovakiathe Syrian Social Nationalist PartyAntun SaadehCharles HelouLebanese politicsCivil War of 1958NasseristArab-nationalistcabinet ministerNational AssemblyRashid Karamiminister of financeWilliam HawiIsraeli-Arab conflictPalestinian refugeesCairo Agreement of 1969IsraelBachirLebanese Civil WarCharles MalikÉtienne SaqrLebanese FrontLebanese regular armyHundred Days WarGenevaLausannecivil war periodFisk, RobertAmerican Academy of Political and Social ScienceMiddle East InternationalWayback MachineRiyadiAntranikHomenmenNassif MajdalaniJoseph Nalbandian