Penal Code of Brazil
The National Congress passes laws to define what acts are considered criminal; this becomes part of the penal code.The judiciary, including 92 courts at the federal and state levels interpret the codes and hear prosecutions and judge perpetrators; the correctional system oversees punishment and rehabilitatation of convicted criminals.The first penal law in independent Brazil was the imperial Criminal Code of 1830, issued on December 16, 1830 and approved by Emperor Pedro I.The General Assembly of the Empire determined that any offense or voluntary omission to the Code was to be considered a crime.After the end of the Vargas Era in 1945–46, a new constitution was created, but the Penal Code of 1940 was not abolished.
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