Overtone singing
From a fundamental pitch, made by the human voice, the belonging harmonic overtones can be selectively amplified by changing the vocal tract: the dimensions and the shape of the resonant cavities of the mouth and the pharynx.It is thought that the art of overtone singing originated in southwestern Mongolia in today's Khovd Province and Govi Altai region.[citation needed] Tuva's neighbouring Russian regions, the Altai Republic to the west and Khakassia to the northwest, have developed forms of throat singing called kai (Altay: кай, qay) or khai (Khakas: хай, xay).The poet-musicians of Kazakhstan and the Uzbek region of Karakalpakstan, known as zhirau, employ throat singing in their epic poetry recitations, accompanied by the dombra.Besides zhirau, there is another form of throat singing called "Kömeimen än aituw (Көмеймен ән айту)" in Kazakhstan.Balochi Nur Sur is one of the ancient forms of overtone singing and is still popular in parts of Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan – especially in the Sulaiman Mountains.The Sami people of the northern parts of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the Kola Peninsula in Russia have a singing genre called yoik.The Bashkirs of Bashkortostan, Russia have a style of overtone singing called özläü (sometimes spelled uzlyau; Bashkort Өзләү), which has nearly died out.[7][8][9] The 1920s Texan singer of cowboy songs, Arthur Miles, independently created a style of overtone singing, similar to sygyt, as a supplement to the normal yodelling of country western music.Musicians of note in this genre include Collegium Vocale Köln (who first began using this technique in 1968), Michael Vetter, Tran Quang Hai, David Hykes,[11] Jill Purce, Jim Cole, Ry Cooder, Paul Pena (mixing the traditional Tuvan style with that of American Blues), Steve Sklar, and Kiva (specializing in jazz/ world beat genres and composing for overtone choirs).[citation needed] Paul Pena was featured in the documentary Genghis Blues, which tells the story of his pilgrimage to Tuva to compete in their annual throat singing competition.Lester Bowie and Ornette Coleman have worked with the Tenores di Bitti, and Eleanor Hovda has written a piece using the Xhosa style of singing.His film "The Song of Harmonics" directed by Hugo Zemp in 1989 obtained 4 international prizes in Estonia (1990) France (1990) and Canada (1991).
throat singingPachelbel's CanonChirgilchinresonancesharmonicovertonesvocal tractpharynxMongoliaKhovd ProvinceGovi AltaiCyrilliclong songTuvan throat singingharmonicspentatonic scaleAltai RepublicKhakassiaKhakasepic poetrytopshurkai-chiChukchi peopleChukchi PeninsulaTibetanBuddhist chantingQinghaiTibetan plateauBhutanHimalayanTibetan BuddhismStandard TibetanKarakalpakstandombraTuran EnsembleSulaiman MountainsDengbêjCantu a tenoreSardiniaBarbagiaa tenorechorusUnescoSami peopleSwedenNorwayFinlandKola PeninsulaRussiaBashkirsBashkortostanBashkortfolk musicBalkansHungaryCante JondoCarmen LinaresDuquendeThembuSouth Africacall-and-responseArthur Milesyodellingcountry western musicBlind Willie JohnsonNational GeographictimbresCollegium Vocale KölnMichael VetterDavid HykesJill PurceRy CooderPaul PenaKrishna DasNathan RogersWinnipegManitobaGenghis BluesSainkho Namtchylakfree jazzEvan ParkerNed RothenbergLester BowieOrnette ColemanTenores di BittiEleanor Hovdaelectronic musicThe KLFAvi KaplanPentatonixKarlheinz StockhausenStimmungTan DunAnna-Maria HefeleHuffington PostHuman voiceList of overtone musiciansValentina SüzükeiMusical techniquesArticulationBowingDampingDouble stopExtended techniqueFingeringFinger substitutionFinger vibratoGlissandoIntonationMultiphonicPhrasingPizzicatoPositionSlappingStopped noteThumb positionTremoloVibratoWind instrumentsSaxophone techniqueCircular breathingEmbouchureFlutter-tonguingGrowlingHarmonica techniqueOverblowing