Open vowel

The open vowels with dedicated symbols in the International Phonetic Alphabet are: There also are central vowels that do not have dedicated symbols in the IPA: There is no unambiguous way of transcribing the open central vowels (but see obsolete/nonstandard IPA ᴀ).However, in practice the diaeresis is assumed to mean central, while ⟨a̠⟩ and ⟨ɒ̟⟩ are used for the front and back articulations, respectively.The extremely rare contrast between open front, central and back unrounded vowels has been reported to occur in the Hamont-Achel dialect of Limburgish, which features long versions of these sounds, as well as short versions of the open front and back vowels.The short versions do not contrast directly with the open central vowel, which can only be long.Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.
VowelsCentralNear-closeClose-midOpen-midNear-openfull chartunrounded • roundedphonetic transcriptionsInternational Phonetic Alphabetphonologymid vowelopen-mid vowelsnear-open vowelsopen front unrounded vowelopen front rounded vowelopen back unrounded vowelopen back rounded vowelopen central unrounded vowelopen central rounded vowelHamont-Achel dialectLimburgishClose vowelInternational Phonetic AssociationHistory of the alphabetExtensions for disordered speech (extIPA)Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS)Journal of the IPA (JIPA)Cursive formsCase variantsObsolete and nonstandard symbolsNaming conventionsSinological extensionsWorld OrthographyIPA chart for English dialectsASCII encodingsX-SAMPAKirshenbaumPhonetic symbols in UnicodeIPA numberIPA BrailleConsonantsPulmonic consonantsLabialCoronalDorsalLaryngealMannerBi­labialLabio­dentalLinguo­labialDentalAlveolarPost­alveolarRetro­flexPalatalUvularPharyn­geal/epi­glottalGlottalPlosiveSibilantaffricatetɹ̝̊t̠ɹ̠̊˔d̠ɹ̠˔fricativeɹ̠̊˔ɹ̠˔ɻ̊˔ApproximantTap/flapɽ̊r̥Lateralɟʎ̝ɡʟ̝𝼈̥voicedvoicelessEjectivep̪fʼt̪θʼt̠ʃʼc𝼆ʼk𝼄ʼq𝼄ʼTenuiskʘqʘkǀqǀkǃqǃk𝼊q𝼊kǂqǂɡʘɢʘɡǀɢǀɡǃɢǃɡ𝼊ɢ𝼊ɡǂɢǂŋʘɴʘŋǀɴǀŋǃɴǃŋ𝼊ɴ𝼊ŋǂɴǂkǁqǁɡǁɢǁŋǁɴǁImplosiveCo-articulated consonantsLabial–alveolarLabial–retroflexLabial–velarUvular–epiglottalLabial–uvularLabial–palatalSj-soundVelarizedɠ̊͜ɓ̥ɠ͡ɓt͡pʼNasal labial–velar approximantNasal palatal approximantVoiceless bidental fricativeVoiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stopVoiceless nasal glottal approximantVoiceless upper-pharyngeal plosiveVoiced upper-pharyngeal plosiveBilabial percussiveBidental percussiveSublaminal lower-alveolar percussive