Nwoya, the main political, administrative and commercial center in the district, is approximately 44 kilometres (27 mi) south-west of the city of Gulu, the largest metropolitan area in the sub-region.[1] This location is approximately 330 kilometres (210 mi), by road, north of the city of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest metropolitan area.It was established by an Act of Parliament and began functioning on 1 July 2010.[4] Prior to 2013, subsistence agriculture and livestock husbandry were the main economic activity in the district.More recently, crude oil deposits have been found and commercial extraction is being planned.