Mechanoreceptor
Mechanoreceptors are located on sensory neurons that convert mechanical pressure into electrical signals that, in animals, are sent to the central nervous system.Cutaneous mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical stimuli that result from physical interaction, including pressure and vibration.These two types of mechanoreceptors have small discrete receptive fields and are thought to underlie most low-threshold use of the fingers in assessing texture, surface slip, and flutter.Mechanical pressure of varying strength and frequency can be applied to the corpuscle by stylus, and the resulting electrical activity detected by electrodes attached to the preparation.[citation needed] The optimal sensitivity of a lamellar corpuscle is 250 Hz, the frequency range generated upon finger tips by textures made of features smaller than 200 micrometres.As all these types of mechanoreceptors are myelinated, they can rapidly transmit sensory information regarding joint positions to the central nervous system.[citation needed] More recent work has expanded the role of the cutaneous mechanoreceptors for feedback in fine motor control.
Mechanosensationsensory receptorpressuresensory neuronselectrical signalscentral nervous systemcutaneous receptorsAβ fibersfree nerve endingsAδ fibersreceptive fieldMerkel corpuscle end-organRuffini corpuscle end-organbulbous corpusclesfasciaMeissner corpuscle end-organtactile corpusclesPacinian corpuscle or Vater-Pacinian corpuscles or Lamellar corpusclesHair folliclehair cellscochleainner earstereociliatransduceaction potentialsproprioceptionMerkelRuffini corpuscle end-organsMerkel corpuscle end-organsMeissner corpuscle end-organsPacinian corpuscle end-organshair follicle receptorsreceptive fieldsLamellar corpusclesnode of Ranviermicrometresligamentsmyelinatedsensory receptorsvestibular systemauditory systemequilibrioceptionBaroreceptorsjuxtacapillary (J) receptorspulmonary edemapulmonary embolipneumoniabarotraumaknee jerkstretch reflextendoninsertsextensorstretch receptorsmuscle spindlesintrafusal muscle fiberssynapsesalpha motor neuronssomatosensorytransductionafferent neuronsdorsal column nucleisecond-order neuronsthalamusthird-order neuronsventrobasal complexsomatosensory cortexfine motor controlMeissner's corpusclePacinian corpuscleRuffini endingMerkel cell-neurite complexCampaniform sensillaexoskeletonGolgi tendon organsHair platesproprioceptiveChordotonal organsexteroSlit sensillaexoskeleton, haveBristle sensillaMechanoreceptors are also present in plant cellsVenus flytrapion channelsnematodeCaenorhabditis elegansamilorideepithelial sodium channelsacid sensing ion channelSomatosensory systemThermoreceptorNociceptorStretch sensorStretch receptorBibcodeMedical Subject HeadingsSensationperceptionProcesses and conceptsStimulusTransduction (physiology)Sensory processingActive sensory systemMultimodal integrationAwarenessConsciousnessCognitionFeelingMotion perceptionQualiaExternalSensory organsSensory systemsVisual system (sense of vision)Auditory system (sense of hearing)Vestibular system (sense of balance)Olfactory system (sense of smell)Gustatory system (sense of taste)Somatosensory system (sense of touch)cranialspinal nervesOptic (II)Vestibulocochlear (VIII)Olfactory (I)Facial (VII)