McClelland & Stewart
[1] In the earliest years, M&S concentrated primarily on exclusive distribution and printing agreements with foreign-owned publishing houses.[3] The company slowly expanded its list of Canadian authors to include writers such as Bliss Carman, Duncan Campbell Scott and Stephen Leacock.The term "quality" was intended to suggest a divide between the mass market paperback and this higher production valued, often scholastic, publication.This was at a time when Canadian literary identity was beginning to be valued on a large scale level in Canada (it was after the war, and influenced by that as well).[6] Many of the authors Gibson had worked with at Macmillan — including Alice Munro, Mavis Gallant, Robertson Davies, Jack Hodgins, Guy Vanderhaeghe, Hugh Maclennan and W. O. Mitchell — followed him to the new imprint.In 1971, the Ontario Development Corporation made a $961,645 loan to stave off imminent collapse due to an unsustainable burden of debt.