Kunda culture
Epipalaeolithic Near East Caucasus Zagros The Kunda culture, which originated from the Swiderian culture, comprised Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities of the Baltic forest zone extending eastwards through Latvia into northern Russia, dating to the period 8500–5000 BC according to calibrated radiocarbon dating.It is named after the Estonian town of Kunda, about 110 kilometres (70 mi) east of Tallinn along the Gulf of Finland, near where the first extensively studied settlement was discovered on Lammasmäe Hill and in the surrounding peat bog.Tools were decorated with simple geometric designs, lacking the complexity of the contemporary Maglemosian Culture communities to the southwest.One such transition settlement, Pasieniai 1C in Lithuania, features stone tools of both Late Swiderian and early Kunda.They were found to have "a very close affinity" with WHGs, although with "a significant contribution" from Ancient North Eurasians (ANE).
EuropeMesolithic EuropeType siteKunda, EstoniaPulli settlementSwiderian cultureNarva cultureMesolithicUpper PaleolithicFosna–Hensbacka cultureKomsa cultureMaglemosian cultureIron Gates MesolithicKomornica cultureEpipaleolithic TransylvaniaMesolithic TransylvaniaTardenoisianSchela Cladovei cultureMesolithic Southeastern EuropeEpipalaeolithic Near EastLevantine corridorNatufianTrialetian MesolithicZarzian cultureNeolithichunter-gathererBalticLatviaRussiaradiocarbon datingEstonianTallinnGulf of FinlandPalaeolithicLithuaniaPreborealUral MountainsWestern Hunter-GatherersEastern Hunter-Gatherershaplogroup IAncient North EurasiansScandinavian Hunter-GatherersScandinaviaZvejnieki burial groundR1b1a1aPit–Comb Ware cultureN-M231Pulli, EstoniaFinlandVelizhZvejniekiCurrent BiologyCell PressNatureNature ResearchBibcodeNature CommunicationsPrehistoric technologyPrehistoryTimelineOutlineStone AgeNew Stone AgeTechnologyhistoryGlossaryFarmingNeolithic RevolutionFounder cropsNew World cropsArd / ploughDigging stickDomesticationIrrigationSecondary productsSickleTerracingBasketCookingEarth ovenGranariesGrinding slabGround stoneHearthMetateMortar and pestlePotteryQuern-stoneStorage pitsHuntingBoomerangthrowing stickBow and arrowspear-throwerharpoonSchöningenwoomeraProjectile pointsArrowheadTransverseBare IslandCascadeClovisCresswellCumberlandFolsomLamokaManis MastodonGame drive systemBuffalo jumpToolmakingEarliest toolmakingOldowanAcheuleanMousterianAurignacianClovis cultureCupstoneFire hardeningGravettian cultureHaftingHand axeGroovesLangdale axe industryLevallois techniqueLithic core