Kingdom of Talamanca
[1] The region of Talamanca was populated mainly by natives of the Bribris, Cabécares, Teribes, Changuinolas and Borucas ethnic groups and was never completely defeated by the Spanish conquerors.[2][1] By 1862 there were three indigenous kings in the Talamanca Mountains; Chirimo, Lapis and Santiago Mayas, who were recognized as political leaders officially by executive decree on July 25.[2] Forbes led an indigenous revolt against the political authorities that would lead to be declared in absentia by the central government, he was accused of murder and dismissed by the governor of Limón thus his position was granted to his nephew Antonio Saldaña on May 23, 1880.[1] Saldaña had an ambivalent attitude toward the Costa Rican government, on the one hand opposing the sending of teachers and the military service of indigenous people, and on the other requiring President Cleto González Víquez greater investment and development in the area.[2] Saldaña held the crown for three decades, although more as a decorative figure than a political one, however his moral weight allowed him to exert influence over the indigenous settlers and his opposition to the exploitation of the United Fruit Company in the area earned him powerful enemies.
CacicazgoSantiago MayasBircheWilliam ForbesAntonio SaldañaCacicazgo of TalamancaLimón ProvinceCosta RicaLimónhistoric periodBribrisCabécaresTeribesBorucascaciquePablo PresbereCartagoUS MarinePresidentCleto González VíquezUnited Fruit CompanymatrilinealSiarkeMonarchiesMonarchImperial, royal and noble ranksList of current sovereign monarchsList of current non-sovereign monarchsList of monarchy referendumsAbsoluteConstitutionalDiarchyElectiveFederalHereditaryNon-sovereignPersonal unionRegencyAbdicationAbolition of monarchyAristocracyCriticism of monarchyDemocratizationDecolonizationDynastyGovernmentHead of stateLegitimacy (political)OligarchyOrder of successionRepublicanismSelf-proclaimed monarchySovereigntyChhatrapatiEmperorQueen regnantPrince regnantSultanPharaohAfricaEswatiniLesothoMoroccoBahrainBhutanBruneiCambodiaJordanKuwaitMalaysiaSaudi ArabiaThailandUnited Arab EmiratesEuropeAndorraBelgiumDenmarkLiechtensteinLuxembourgMonacoNetherlandsNorwaySwedenVatican City (Holy See)OceaniaCommonwealth realmsAntigua and BarbudaAustraliaBahamasBelizeCanadaGrenadaJamaicaNew ZealandCook IslandsPapua New GuineaSaint Kitts and NevisSaint LuciaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesSolomon IslandsTuvaluUnited KingdomFormerAdamawaAnkoleBarotselandBagirmiBurundiCentral AfricaDahomeyEthiopiaMadagascarMaraviRwandaShillukIslands of RefreshmentTunisiaWitulandWassoulouZanzibarZimbabweand otherAraucaníaBrazilMexicoMiskito