Karl Leonhard

He was born at Edelsfeld in Bavaria as the sixth of eleven children, his father being a Protestant minister.In 1957 he became director of the psychiatric department at the Charité Hospital linked to the Humboldt University in East Berlin.He wanted to move back to West Germany in the 1960s, but was refused permission by the East German authorities.According to Helmut Beckmann (see "Books" below), editors of Western journals rejected his papers because "they were not in conformity with the standard practice of Anglo-American psychiatry and also because he pursued without compromise his own path derived from his findings."Today diagnosis for psychotic patients and mentally or otherwise ill persons are most commonly placed by ICD or DSM criteria.
psychiatristKarl KleistCarl Wernickenosologypsychologypsychotherapybiological psychiatrybiological psychologynonverbal communicationEdelsfeldBavariaProtestantErlangenBerlinMunichGaberseeFrankfurt am MainThird ReichT-4 Euthanasia ProgramFrankfurtErfurtCharitéHumboldt UniversityEast BerlinWest GermanyEast GermanHelmut BeckmannFrank Fishaffective disorderschizoaffective disorderEdda NeeleManic-Depressive IllnessMood disorderSpectrumBipolar disorderBipolar IBipolar IICyclothymiaBipolar NOSChildhoodHypomaniaMixed affective stateRapid cyclingDepressionMajor depressive disorderDysthymiaSeasonal affective disorderAtypical depressionMelancholic depressionMajor depressive episodeDepression in childhood and adolescenceSymptomsDelusionDepression (differential diagnoses)Emotional dysregulationAnhedoniaDysphoriaSuicidal ideationEpisodic memoryHallucinationMood swingSleep disorderHypersomniaInsomniaPsychosisPsychotic depressionRacing thoughtsReduced affect displayDiagnosisBipolar Spectrum Diagnostic ScaleChild Mania Rating ScaleGeneral Behavior InventoryHypomania ChecklistMood Disorder QuestionnaireRating scales for depressionYoung Mania Rating ScaleTreatmentAnticonvulsantsCarbamazepineLamotrigineOxcarbazepineValproateSodium valproateValproate semisodiumSympathomimeticsBupropionDextroamphetamineEscitalopramFluoxetineMethylphenidateSertralinemood stabilizersAntipsychoticsAtypical antipsychoticsLithiumLithium carbonateLithium citrateLithium sulfateLithium toxicityClinical psychologyCognitive behavioral therapyDialectical behavior therapyElectroconvulsive therapyInvoluntary commitmentLight therapyTranscranial magnetic stimulationHistoryEmil KraepelinFrederick K. GoodwinJohn CadeKay Redfield JamisonMogens Schou